A leading cause of death and disability globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious public health concern. One of the world's most densely inhabited country is Bangladesh. Renal disorders are becoming more widely known and account for a sizable portion of the healthcare industry. There are over 20 million people with chronic kidney disease, and each year, 35,000 to 40,000 of them reach end stage renal disease. Diabetes mellitus, chronic glomerulonephritis, and hypertension are the main factors contributing to chronic kidney disease. Dialysis or kidney transplants are available as therapies for renal failure. Acute renal damage, kidney cysts, kidney stones, and kidney infections are a few other kidney issues. Acute kidney injury is frequently caused by hypovolemia, sepsis, obstetric problems, and medications (including herbal and homoeopathic therapies). Only 25% of patients with end-stage renal illness have access to treatment in Bangladesh, despite the country performing all three forms of renal replacement therapy (hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation). This is because of poor facilities and excessive healthcare expenses. Opportunities for research and teaching are growing in conjunction with international organisations. Although the country's renal services seem up to current, they need constant improvement to handle the growing strain. In order to control and lower the high risk of impairment related to CKD, public health policymakers and the government need to pay it greater attention.