Thyroid autoimmune disease is one of the most common disorders which are generally associated with existence of anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) in addition to ant thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) antibodies, and anti-thyroglobulin (Tg). The present study was a cross-sectional one, conducted on (200) patients selected randomly from cases already diagnosed with thyroid disorder diseases by a specialized endocrinology center in AL-Basra city / Iraq. Where TPO test was performed for 127 of them, and TRAB test was conducted for the remaining 73 patients. The study showed that 74% of the cases that had a TPO test were positive, and 49% of the cases that had a TRAB test were also positive. The study also showed that the percentage of people with hypothyroidism was higher in those who had positive TPO results, in contrast to those who had positive TRAB results, where hyperthyroidism was the dominant disease.