Objective:Colonic interposition as an esophageal substitution is an accepted surgical approach for severe esophageal lesions especially after accidental caustic ingestion. Colobronchial fistula after coloesophageal interposition is a rare and a late complication. The bibliographical analysis showed very few cases of this complication. Material and Methods:A 37 yr old woman was admitted for recurrent right pneumonia. A 22 yr of age, she had developed a long esophageal stricture as a result of accidental caustic ingestion and a coloesophageal interposition was performed.The diagnostic of colobronchail fistula was suspected by chest scan and confirmed by digestive endoscopy.The patient was approached by thoracotomy,the evolution controlled by a thoracic scan and endoscopic is very satisfying.