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THE ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF THE FRENCH CONSTITUTIONAL LAWS OF 1875

Authors: Vynohradska Oksana;

THE ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF THE FRENCH CONSTITUTIONAL LAWS OF 1875

Abstract

In the French historiography on the Third Republic, much attention is paid to the legal analysis of the Constitutional Laws of 1875. The authors assess the importance of the Constitution in the design of the republican form of government, noting, in particular, "the supremacy of Parliament and the primacy of the legislature". The Constitution of 1875 consists of three laws of a constitutional nature: The Law on the Organization of the Senate of February 24, 1875, the Law on the Organization of the State Power of February 25, 1875, and the Constitutional Law on the Relationship of State Powers of July 16, 1875. The Constitution of the Third Republic was the result of a long struggle in the National Assembly between supporters of the republican form of government and monarchists. The compromise reached by the legislators in 1875 led to the fact that the Constitution combined different approaches to the organization of the structure of the French state power. Forced to accept the republican form of government, the monarchists, however, wanted its institutions to be as close as possible to those of the monarchical system. The compromise reached by the monarchists and republicans after the adoption of the Constitutional Laws was temporary. All parties of the National Assembly believed that a short-lived Constitution was being created, as representatives of both major political trends, monarchists and republicans, were going to change it in their favor. However, of all the constitutions that have existed in France since 1789, this one was destined to become the most durable

Keywords

President, Parliament, Senate, Constitution of the Third Republic, Chamber

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