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Giving Voices to Voiceless Pashtuns Women in Mountsturt Elphinstone's: An Account of the Kingdom of Cuabul and Alexander Burns' Travels into Bokhara

Authors: Danish, Ehsan Ullah;

Giving Voices to Voiceless Pashtuns Women in Mountsturt Elphinstone's: An Account of the Kingdom of Cuabul and Alexander Burns' Travels into Bokhara

Abstract

{"references": ["Bellew, H, W. (1999). Afghanistan and The Afghans: Being a brief review of the history of the country and account of its people with a special reference to the present crises and war with the Amir Sher Ali Khan. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publication. Burns, A. (1834). Travels Into Bokhara: Being an account of a Journey from India to Cabool, Tartray, and Persia, a narrative on the Indus from the sea to Lahore. London: John Murray (1942). Cabool: Being a Personal Narrative of a Journey to and Residence in that City in the Years 1836, 7, 8. Lahore: NCA. Elphinstone, M. (1835). An Account Of The Kingdom Of Caubul, And Its Dependencies, In Persia, Tartary, And India; Comprising A View Of The Afghaun Nation And A History Of The Dooraunee Monarchy (Vol. I). London: Serah Habermas, J. (1985). Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns . 2 vols. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp. 1981 (See English translation: 1985. The theory of communicative behavior. Translated by Thomas McCarthy. 2 vols. Boston: Beacon Press. Habermas, J. (2000). Summarizing Statement on the Main Topics of Between Facts and Norms',In Zheng Yong-liu (Ed.) Fazhexue Yu Fashehuixue Luncong 3 (Legal Philosiphy and Sociology of Law, Vol 3), pp.11-20. Beijing: China University of Political Science and Law Press. Lacan, J. (1968). The Language of the Self. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Lacan, J. (2006 [1970]). Ecrits, trans. Bruce Fink, New York: Norton. Lal, M. (1856). Life of the Amir Dost Mohammed Khan; of Kabul (Vol. I). London: Longman. Lunn, J, & Smiht, B. (2010). The 'Afpak Policy and the Pashtuns. Research Paper 10/45. House of the Commons Library. Khan, A, G, K. (1994). The Pathan. Lahore: Frontier Post Publication. Ore, T.E. (2006). Constructing Differences: In T.E. Ore (Ed). The Social Construction of Difference and Inequality: Race, class, and Gender, sexuality (pp.1-18). New York: McGraw-Hill. Rzehak, L. (2011). Doing Pashto: Pashtunwali As The Ideal Of Honourable Behaviour and Tribal Life Among The Pashtuns: Thematic Report. Afghanistan Analysts Network. Rousseau, J. (1979). Emile or on Education. Trans-A. Bloom. New York: Harmondsworth. Said, E. (1978). Orientalism. London: Penguin. Schofield, V. (2010). Afghan Frontier: at the crossroad of conflict. New York: I. B. Tauris & Co Ltd. Spivak, G, C. (1988). Feminism and Critical Theory. 1986. in Other Worlds: Essays in Cultural Politics. New York: Routledge. Spivak, G, C. (1985). The Rani of Sirmur. An Essay in Reading the Archives', History and theory, 24 (3) pp. 247-72-\"Imperialism and Sexual Difference', Oxford Literary Review 7 (1-2) pp. 225-40-(1987) In Other Words: Essay. 1985,"]}

The practice of representation gives rise to cultural variations and divides, which in turn give rise to the circumstance in which individuals and groups belong to more than one culture. Western literature comes with issues of representation, as they have represented the Oriental people through what is called misrepresentation. The Oriental people are more inferior because the reality is different, as explicitly orientalists give voice to women, but the strategy is beneath the surface, undertaken for some implicit purpose. The research also analyzes the same issue of representation and giving voices to Pashtun women in Mount Stuart Elphinstone’s An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul and Alexander Burns’ “Travels into Bokhara. The works show that women are exclusively powerless, weak, distorted, suffering, exploited, irrational, deprived, and limited to their houses to bear only domestication. Both writers show in their works that women are illiterate and are deprived of their educational rights as they are intellectuals, telling different creative stories, but they are not allowed to think rationally and are only limited to emotional aspects to make their partners. Therefore, both works are pregnant and meet the criteria of Wollstonecraft from a male perspective, taken as a theoretical framework for the paper. The purposes of both writers were developed by giving voices to the muted women of the Pashtuns, enabling them to speak for themselves. However, it was not possible to eradicate the suppression of women in Pashtun society because the British faced very strong resistance from the Pashtun.

Keywords

Representation, , Voiceless Women, , Voiced Women, , Pashtuns Women, , Postcolonial

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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