The datasets contain (1) daily fire-specific concentrations of PM2.5, OC (organic carbon), and BC (black carbon); (2) non-fire PM2.5 concentrations; (3) daily surface observations of total PM2.5 concentrations over 15 Australian sites from 2009 to 2020. The daily fire-specific PM2.5, OC, and BC are estimated using the Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport (STILT) model version 2 as well as the emissions of OC and BC from the Global Fire Emission Database Version 4.1 inventory. The PM2.5 observations are from the Northern Territory Environment Protection Authority, the Queensland Government Open Data Portal, New South Wales Department of Planning and Environment, and the Victoria Environment Protection Authority.