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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF USING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Authors: Korabayev, K.;

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF USING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Abstract

Abstract The article notes that the protracted global economic crisis as well as environmental, climatic, and sometimes political problems cause an increased interest in the use of alternative energy sources. In addition, at present, as a result of the use of hydrocarbon fuels, more than 50% of all harmful anthropogenic emissions into the environment, including greenhouse gases, occur.Successful implementation of the strategy of Kazakhstan to become one of the fifty most competitive countries in the world provides for the efficient use of all resources on a new, qualitative basis. The “Strategy-2050” notes the evidence of the end of the era of the hydrocarbon economy and the onset of an era, “in which human life will be based not only on oil and gas, but on renewable energy sources”. This trend is common of the entire global economy. The program documents set the task of developing the production of alternative and renewable types of energy in Kazakhstan, which by 2050 should account for at least half of the total energy consumption. Successful implementation of ambitious tasks is impossible without state support. Fixed tariffs have been approved for the supply of electricity produced by renewable energy facilities in Kazakhstan. The article presents the world experience of introducing other mechanisms of state support for the introduction of renewable energy sources, the use of which in Kazakhstan will contribute to the successful achievement of the goals set. Аннотация В статье отмечается, что затянувшийся мировой экономический кризис, а также экологические, климатические, а иногда и политические проблемы вызывают повышенный интерес к использованию альтернативных источников энергии. Кроме того, в настоящее время в результате использования углеводородного топлива происходит более 50% всех вредных антропогенных выбросов в окружающую среду, в том числе парниковых газов. Успешная реализация стратегии вхождения Казахстана в число пятидесяти наиболее конкурентоспособных стран мира предусматривает эффективное использование всех ресурсов на новой качественной основе. В «Стратегии–2050» отмечается очевидность конца эпохи углеводородной экономики и наступления эры, «в которой человеческая жизнедеятельность будет основываться не только и не столько на нефти и газе, сколько на возобновляемых источниках энергии». Эта тенденция характерна для всей мировой экономики. В программных документах ставится задача по развитию производства альтернативных и возобновляемых видов энергии в Казахстане, на которые к 2050г. должно приходиться не менее половины всего совокупного энергопотребления. Успешная реализация амбициозных задач невозможна без государственной поддержки. В Казахстане утверждены фиксированные тарифы на поставку электрической энергии, производимой объектами по использованию возобновляемых источников энергии. В статье приводится мировой опыт внедрения других механизмов государственной поддержки внедрения возобновляемых источников энергии, применение которых в Казахстане будет способствовать успешному достижению поставленных целей.

Список литературы: 1. Эмиссия СО2 по странам мира: http://www.priroda.su/item/1189. 2. РИАНовости. Парижское соглашение по климату (12 декабря 2015 г.): https://ria.ru/20171212/1510681570.html. 3. Ciocan A., Balan M., Rizoiu A. Hybrid energy storage systems for renewable energy sources: applications and challenges // Progress of сryogenics and isotopes separation, 2017, vol. 20, № 2, p. 77–86. 4. Сидорович В. Китай устанавливает новые цели развития ВИЭ // RenEn. 2018: http://renen.ru/ china-sets-new-targets-for-renewable-energy-development/. 5. Reporting by David Stanway and Beijing monitoring desk. China's 2018 renewable power capacity up 12 percent on year. Reuters. Environment. January 28, 2019. 6. Mottl J. The state of renewable energy in Rural Alaska // Alaska Business Monthly. Special section Energy & Power, 2017, p. 34–39. 7. Сибикин Ю.Д., Сибикин М.Ю. Нетрадиционные и возобновляемые источники энергии: учеб.пособие. – 2-е изд. – М.: КНОРУС, 2017. – 240 с. 8. Мировые инвестиции в ВИЭ в 2018 г. упали на 8% // Energy. Media. Информаци-онно-отраслевой ресурс, 17.01.2019 г.: https://eenergy.media/2019/01/17/mirovye-investitsii-v-vie-v-2018-godu-upali- na-8-protsentov/.

Keywords

возобновляемые источники энергии, ветроэнергетика, энергоэффективность, тарифы, энергопотребление, экология, renewable energy sources, wind energy, energy efficiency, tariffs, energy usage, ecology

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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