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HELICOBACTER PYLORI Y LESIONES PREMALIGNAS DEL ESTÓMAGO EN BIOPSIA GÁSTRICA

Authors: Sylvana A. Cuenca-Buele1; Jorimar Leal-Montiel; Ana P. Arévalo-Jaramillo; Iria Lozano; Angel Chu-Lee;

HELICOBACTER PYLORI Y LESIONES PREMALIGNAS DEL ESTÓMAGO EN BIOPSIA GÁSTRICA

Abstract

La infección por el Helicobacter pylori, es como problema de salud ocasionado por el papel patogénico esencial en enfermedades gastroduodenales que van desde gastritis superficial y úlcera péptica hasta cáncer gástrico y linfoma MALT. El objetivo de la investigación fue, evaluar la asociación de H. Pylori y lesiones premalignas en biopsia gástrica de pacientes sometidos a endoscopía digestiva alta en el Hospital General IESS Machala. Por ende, se realizó un estudio descriptivo, no experimental, prospectivo, transversal y de campo. La población estuvo conformada por pacientes con estudio de biopsia gástrica con fines asistenciales, atendidos en los servicios de gastroenterología y laboratorio de patología del Hospital General IESS Machala. La muestra se conformó por 501 pacientes con estudio histopatológico de biopsia gástrica, de los cuales 278 (55,5%) fueron mujeres y 223 (44,5%) hombres. H. pylori se identificó en placas histológicas teñidas con hematoxilina-eosina. Se analizaron las variables de gastritis aguda, crónica, atrofia gástrica, metaplasia intestinal y displasia. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados en el programa IBM SPSS versión 25.00. Los resultados fueron expresados como frecuencia y porcentajes, y presentados en tablas. Para determinar la asociación entre variables categóricas se empleó la prueba de chi cuadrado (X2), considerándose significativo valor de p <0,05. Cuyos resultados develan que el estudio histopatológico se encontró 204 biopsias H. pylori positivo, lo cual corresponde al 40,7% de la población, con tendencia a incrementarse esta prevalencia conforme el individuo aumenta en edad, llegando a un pico máximo entre los 51 a 60 años, luego de lo cual va descendiendo. El sexo femenino fue el más afectado 117 (23,4%). La presencia de infección por H. pylori se asoció significativamente con gastritis aguda, (p=0,000); gastritis crónica (p=0,000), gastritis crónica folicular (p=0,000) y atrofia (p=0,000). Concluyendo que la prevalencia de infección por H. pylori mostró asociación significativa con las etapas precursoras de malignidad.

Keywords

Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, metaplasia, cáncer gástrico, atrofia, displasia

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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