This paper background is the decision to move the capital city, this is done by the government to increase efficiency and effectiveness, this could also reduce pressure on the already densely populated capital city. This paper aims to compare plans to move the capital cities of Brazil and Indonesia. The method of this paper is structured literature study. The results of this study indicate that relocating the Brazilian capital has a significant impact on the environmental, political, social, and economic landscape of the country, and has several negative consequences, this should be a lesson for Indonesia, which is in the process of moving the capital. The conclusion of this study is that although there are differences in budget and implementation, Indonesia and Brazil have the same reasons for moving their capital cities and need to pay attention to the impact of moving on environmental aspects and local communities.