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Détermination empirique de la taille fiscale au Maroc

Authors: Oussama CHELLAF; Rachid CHAABITA;

Détermination empirique de la taille fiscale au Maroc

Abstract

La politique budgétaire est un des principaux instruments de la politique économique. Elle englobe l’ensemble des mesures qui ont des conséquences sur les ressources et les dépenses de l’État et qui visent à atteindre certains objectifs de politique conjoncturelle. Elle joue, via la fiscalité (impôts) et les prélèvements (obligatoires), un rôle crucial pour stimuler la croissance de la production nationale, qui peut être estimé par la tendance de long terme de la pression fiscale. En effet, le niveau de la pression fiscale influence d’une manière directe ou indirecte tous les agrégats, les performances et les indicateurs macroéconomiques. Au fait, l’action des pouvoirs publics vis-à-vis des contribuables, accomplie via la politique fiscale de l’État, provoque un impact pouvant être analysé à travers la contribution des recettes budgétaires de nature fiscales à la formation du Produit Intérieur Brut (PIB). En outre, la ressource fiscale sur les bénéfices qu'ils s’acquittent, déterminée en relation avec la recette totale de leurs bénéfices, est utilisée pour évaluer l’effet de la pression fiscale sur la dynamique des secteurs ou des entreprises. Ainsi, l’objectif de ce travail est la détermination de l’impact de la pression fiscale sur l’investissement et notamment sur la croissance économique pour le cas marocain. Les données qu’on utilisera pour cette étude sont de types trimestriels issus avec une durée allant du premier trimestre de l’année 2007 jusqu’au premier trimestre de 2020. L’étude empirique par la méthode des moindres carrés ordinaires, une cointégration et un modèle VAR, démontre que le niveau de la pression fiscale a un effet sur la croissance économique. L’étude conclut qu’une baisse de la pression fiscale de 1% engendrera une baisse de 0,23% de la croissance économique à long terme. Cependant notre modélisation repose sur l'hypothèse que chaque variable endogène est autorégressive, c'est-à-dire qu'elle dépend de ses propres valeurs passées. Cela peut être une limitation si certaines variables ne suivent pas cette structure, ce qui peut conduire à des estimations biaisées ou inefficaces. Mots clés : Pression Fiscale, Stationnarité, Cointégration, Modèle à correction d’erreur, Vecteur Autorégressif, Réponses Impulsionnelles Classification JEL : C133, C21, C51, C52, E62 Type de l’article : Recherche appliquée

Fiscal policy is one of the main instruments of economic policy. It encompasses all the measures which have consequences on the resources and expenditure of the State and which aim to achieve certain short-term policy objectives. It plays, through taxation (taxes) and levies (compulsory), a crucial role in stimulating the growth of national production, which can be estimated by the long-term trend of the tax burden. Indeed, the level of tax pressure directly or indirectly influences all aggregates, performance and macroeconomic indicators. In fact, the action of the public authorities vis-à-vis the taxpayers, represented by the tax policy of the State, causes an impact that can be analyzed through the contribution of budgetary revenues of a tax nature to the formation of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In addition, the profit tax resource they pay, determined in relation to their total profit revenue, is used to assess the effect of tax pressure on the dynamics of sectors or firms. So the objective of this work is to determine the impact of tax pressure on investment and in particular on economic growth for the Moroccan case. The data that will be used for this study are quarterly types issued with a duration ranging from the first quarter of 2007 to the first quarter of 2020. The empirical study by the ordinary least squares method, a cointegration and a VAR model, shows that the tax burden has an effect on economic growth. The study con0cludes that a 1% drop in the tax burden will lead to a 0.23% drop in long-term economic growth. However, our modeling is based on the assumption that each endogenous variable is autoregressive, i.e., it depends on its own past values. This can be a limitation if some variables do not follow this structure, which can lead to biased or inefficient estimates. Keywords: Fiscal Pressure, Stationarity, Cointegration, Error Correction Model, Autoregressive Vector, Impulse Responses JEL Classification : C133, C21, C51, C52, E62 Paper type: Empirical research,

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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