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Tefsirde Bir Müşkil Olarak Allah'ın Zafer Vaadine Rağmen Peygamberlerin Öldürülmesi

Authors: Erkan ÇAKIR;

Tefsirde Bir Müşkil Olarak Allah'ın Zafer Vaadine Rağmen Peygamberlerin Öldürülmesi

Abstract

In many verses of the Qur'an, it is stated that Allah will protect his prophets against their enemies and make them and believers successful. The examples of this are also given in many stories. Even the miraculous salvation of some prophets and the destruction of unbelievers are shown as past practices of this promise. However, in some verses of the Qur'an, it is said that the prophets were killed and this causes a contradiction. Why didn't Allah, who promised to protect and make his prophets victorious, save some of his prophets from death? In addition, it is debateable some prophets were successful against their unbelieving people. This issue is also important for today. Considering the political and social troubles, occupation, oppression, deportations and killings lived in the Islamic geography in the last few centuries, some questions emerge around the victory promised by Allah in the Qur'an. These questions are also among the problems which Kalâm and Philosophy of Religion try to answer. In this study, the subject will be examined within the framework of tafsir. It is clear that it has become a current issue starting from the Sahabahs and the Tabi'un. Moreover, it is understood that non-Muslims also criticized the relevant verses. Mufassirs have dealt with the issue from several aspects and tried to solve it. It is seen that some of these solutions are based on the narrations from the Sahabahs and Tabi'un. In addition to the allocation and ta'wil practices related to the different parts of the subject, it has been mentioned what kind of wisdom there may be in the killing of the prophets and the defeat of the believers from time to time. In this study, the interpretations of the mufassirs on the related verses have been examined and classified in terms of the Mushkil -Qur'an. The solutions were evaluated and their weakness points, if any, were tried to be expressed.

Kur’an’ın birçok âyetinde Allah’ın peygamberlerini düşmanları karşısında koruyacağı, onları ve inananları başarıya ulaştıracağı bildirilmektedir. Yine birçok kıssada da bunun örnekleri verilmektedir. Hatta bazı peygamberlerin mucizevî kurtuluşları, inkârcıların helak edilmeleri bu vaadin geçmiş uygulamaları olarak gösterilmektedir. Buna rağmen bazı Kur’an âyetlerinde de peygamberlerin öldürüldükleri söylenmektedir. Bu ise bir çelişki görünümü oluşturmaktadır. Peygamberlerini koruyup muzaffer kılacağını vaat eden Allah, bazı peygamberlerini ölümden neden kurtarmamıştır? Bunun yanında bazı peygamberlerin inkârcı halkları karşısında başarılı oldukları da tartışmaya açıktır. Bu konu günümüz açısından da önemlidir. Son birkaç yüzyıl İslam coğrafyasında yaşanan siyasi ve sosyal sıkıntılar, işgal, baskı, tehcir ve öldürülmeler göz önüne alındığında Allah’ın Kur’an’da vaat ettiği zafer etrafında bazı sorular oluşmaktadır. Bu sorular Kelam ve Din Felsefesinin de cevap vermeye çalıştığı problemler arasındadır. Bu çalışmada konu tefsir ilmi çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır. Sahabe ve tâbiînden başlayarak konunun gündeme geldiği görülmektedir. Ayrıca gayr-i müslimlerin de ilgili âyetlere eleştiri yönelttiği anlaşılmaktadır. Müfessirler konuyu birkaç açıdan ele alıp çözümlemeye çalışmıştır. Bu çözümlerin bir kısmının sahabe ve tâbiînden gelen rivâyetlere dayandığı görülmektedir. Konunun farklı bileşenleriyle ilgili tahsis ve te’vîl uygulamaları yanında peygamberlerin öldürülmesinin ve mü’minlerin zaman zaman mağlup olmasının ne gibi bir hikmetinin olabileceğinden bahsedilmiştir. Bu çalışmada müfessirlerin ilgili âyetlere dair yorumları müşkilü’l-Kur’an açısından ele alınıp sınıflandırılmıştır. Çözümlemeler değerlendirilmiş varsa zayıf yönleri ifade edilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Tefsir, Peygamber Katli, Allah'ın vaadi, Müşkil, Tahsis, Te'vîl., Tefsir;Peygamber Katli;Allah’ın vaadi;Müşkil;Tahsis;Te’vîl, Tafsir;The Killing of Prophet;The Promise of Allah;Mushkil;Allocation;Tawil, Tafsir, The Killing of Prophet, The Promise of Allah, Mushkil, Allocation, Ta'wil.

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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