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Biased Deep Learning Methods in Detection of COVID-19 Using CT Images: A Challenge Mounted by Subject-Wise-Split ISFCT Dataset

Authors: Shiva Parsarad; Narges Saeedizadeh; Ghazaleh Jamalipour Soufi; Shamim Shafieyoon; Farzaneh Hekmatnia; Andrew Parviz Zarei; Samira Soleimany; +8 Authors

Biased Deep Learning Methods in Detection of COVID-19 Using CT Images: A Challenge Mounted by Subject-Wise-Split ISFCT Dataset

Abstract

Accurate detection of respiratory system damage including COVID-19 is considered one of the crucial applications of deep learning (DL) models using CT images. However, the main shortcoming of the published works has been unreliable reported accuracy and the lack of repeatability with new datasets, mainly due to slice-wise splits of the data, creating dependency between training and test sets due to shared data across the sets. We introduce a new dataset of CT images (ISFCT Dataset) with labels indicating the subject-wise split to train and test our DL algorithms in an unbiased manner. We also use this dataset to validate the real performance of the published works in a subject-wise data split. Another key feature provides more specific labels (eight characteristic lung features) rather than being limited to COVID-19 and healthy labels. We show that the reported high accuracy of the existing models on current slice-wise splits is not repeatable for subject-wise splits, and distribution differences between data splits are demonstrated using t-distribution stochastic neighbor embedding. We indicate that, by examining subject-wise data splitting, less complicated models show competitive results compared to the exiting complicated models, demonstrating that complex models do not necessarily generate accurate and repeatable results.

Country
Switzerland
Keywords

slice-wise data split, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, COVID-19, deep learning, QA75.5-76.95, Article, Electronic computers. Computer science, Photography, subject-wise data split, COVID-19; deep learning; subject-wise data split; slice-wise data split; repeatability, repeatability, TR1-1050

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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