This compendium of files includes the dated phylogenetic tree in Newick format (Data S1), the list of statistical routines used for the three empirical case studies (Data S2), and the high-resolution version of the figures in the supplementary materials and main text (Data S3) for the Earth-Science Reviews paper "A time-calibrated ‘Tree of Life’ of aquatic insects for knitting historical patterns of evolution and measuring extant phylogenetic biodiversity across the world", which is under consideration. The best-scoring molecular tree (Data S1) can be opened using freely available programs like R (R Development Core Team, 2021), Dendroscope (Huson and Scornavacca, 2012), and FigTree (Rambaut, 2018). Please, feel free to send an email to the maintainer Dr. Jorge García Girón (jogarg@unileon.es OR Jorge.Garcia-Giron@oulu.fi) if you face any trouble downloading, opening, or using these files. Huson, D. H., & Scornavacca, C. (2012). Dendroscope 3: An interactive tool for rooted phylogenetic trees and networks. Systematic Biology, 61(6), 1061–1067. R Development Core Team (2021). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/ Rambaut, A. (2018). FigTree. Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK. http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/

This work was supported by the Academy of Finland [grant number 331957]; the European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR [grant number AG325]; the ICREA Academia 2021 award from the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies; the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers U22A20454 and 32271664]; the Scientific Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education, Science, Research, and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences VEGA [grant number 2/0084/21]; the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [grant number CTM2017-89295-P, cofounded by the European Regional Development Fund]; and the Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation [grant number RYC2020-029829-I].