Objective: Postoperative chronic pain (CPSP) is a common complication in musculoskeletal surgery. Physiotherapists usually treat patients with pain complaints before and after musculoskeletal surgery. The purpose of this article is (1) to identify the nature, process and importance of CPSPs; (2) expresses the need to understand and solve the group's difficulties. We use a full collaborative transformation model to analyze pain processes and pain management strategies. Method and materials: This study is a systematic review. Results: Physicians who understand how inflammation alters the function of the immune system can select pain targets for their patients. Clinicians should not assume that patients on multidrug therapy have a medical problem. Instead, the current approach is to manage pain using preventive strategies to reduce the severity of postoperative pain and minimize the development of CPSP. Conclusion: The role of biological, surgical, psychological, and patient factors in the transition to chronic pain requires further research to better understand their relationship to pain. Serious illness and drug use. Appropriate assessment and management of risk factors for CPSP requires a team discussion to describe the patient's experience of postoperative pain and to assess the pain that occurs during surgery.