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TRATAMIENTO QUÍMICO DE LA CÁSCARA DEL LIMÓN (Citrus limon) Y SU ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA

Authors: Teresa Jesus Ccahuana Gonzales; Mery Luz Ccahuana Gonzales; Francisca Martha García Wong; Carmen Silvia Klinar Barbuza; Jaksavit Raciel Portal Valverde;

TRATAMIENTO QUÍMICO DE LA CÁSCARA DEL LIMÓN (Citrus limon) Y SU ACTIVIDAD ANTIBACTERIANA

Abstract

Objetivo: evaluar tratamiento químico de la cáscara del limón (Citrus limon) y su actividad antibacteriana. Método: el tratamiento químico de la cáscara del limón consistió en lavado mediante agua con cloro (hipoclorito de sodio generalmente) de uso doméstico a razón de 3 cc. por litro de agua), el pH (acidez) de la solución debe estar entre 6,5 y 7,5. El screening fitoquímico se realizó mediante pruebas fitoquímicas de caracterización en forma directa. Para la determinación de la actividad antibacteriana se empleó el método de Kirby-Bauer o difusión endisco, basados en lineamientos internacionales (CLSI). Resultados: el screening fitoquímico del extracto acuoso de la cáscara del limón (Citrus limon) determinó la presencia de grupos fenólicos libres y flavonoides en abundante cantidad. El análisis de varianza (ANOVA) mostró un nivel de significación de 0,00 (p<0.05), por tanto, existió diferencias significativas entre los promedios de diámetros de los halos de inhibición, revelados por el efecto inhibitorio del extracto acuoso de la cáscara del limón (Citrus limon) a diferentes concentraciones sobre las cepas de Staphylococcus aureus y Escherichia coli. Discusión: a mayor concentración del extracto, entonces hubo mayor diámetro del halo de inhibición. Conclusiones: las cepas de Staphylococcus aureus mostraron sensibilidad frente al extracto acuoso de la cáscara del limón (Citrus limon) al 100% presentando halos de inhibición de 21.0 mm de diámetro y a las concentraciones de 50% y 25% mostraron sensibilidad intermedia con halos de inhibición de 19.0 y 16.0 mm, mientras que las cepas de Eschericihia coli mostraron resistencia a las diferentes concentraciones ensayadas presentando halos de inhibición de 14, 12 y 10 mm de diámetro.

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