The main purpose of the study was to create an acute cholecystitis model. Based on the main role of pathogenic microorganisms and inflammation in developing of acute cholecystitis, we injected peritoneal exudate, which contained different pathogenic microorganisms and had very high toxicity, into the gallbladder. The peritoneal exudates were prepared in the Research Centre and isolated from the fluid of abdominal cavity of rabbits by the method of F.F.Usikov. To establish the model, 2 ml of highly toxic peritoneal exudate was injected into the gallbladder. To observe the development of acute cholecystitis, on the 3, 7, 15 and 30 days of the study the concentration of specific markers in the blood and also the concen- tration of alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT, amylase and y-glutamyltransferase enzymes were checked. The received results showed that on the 15th day after injection of peritoneal exudate, the concentration of mentioned enzymes increased and then gradually decreased. Based on this information, we suggest that on the 15th day after injection of 2 ml peritoneal exudate into the gallbladder acute cholecystitis was developed and on the 30th day the speed of pathological processes decreased.