Objective:Depression and anxiety represent the most common expression of psychological distress in dialysis patients, and this distress is associated with a high mortality rate. Its prevalence, which varies from one study to another, remains underestimated. The objective of our study is to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety, in a population of chronic hemodialysis patients, and to identify the sociodemographic, clinical factors associated with them. Materials and Methods: Our study was carried out in the hemodialysis unit of the nephrology department of the Mohammed V military training hospital (HMIM V) in Rabat. It is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted during June and July 2018, in 35 patients with chronic kidney failure, managed in periodic hemodialysis and who had given their free and informed consent to participate in the study. We used the Hospital-Anxiety and Depression Scale for the diagnosis of anxiety and depression. Results:Depression was found in 16 patients (45.7%) including 8 men and 8 women. The occurrence of depression was significantly related to gender, professional status, and the existence of somatic comorbidities. Anxiety was found in 21 patients (60%), including 10 men and 11 women. The occurrence of anxiety was significantly related to age, professional status, duration of professional status, duration of hemodialysis, existence of somatic comorbidities and professional status.