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The philosophy of the young Derrida (1953–1967) is still largely unknown in the Spanish–speaking world. No detailed studies can be found on the first phenomenological incursions of this philosopher or on the conceptual dependencies of deconstruction with respect to a specific phenomenological tradition, namely the philosophy of the concept ‒following the terminology of Foucault, who divided French phenomenology into philosophy of the subject and philosophy of the concept. For this reason, the present study attempts to contextualise the relationship between the young Derrida's phenomenological research and the influential post–war French academic Marxism. The results of the research show that Derrida proposes a creative conceptual synthesis: the project of a dialectical phenomenology