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In this paper, I explore the etymology of the word "horizon" and its possible connection to the ancient Egyptian concept of the horizon. The word originates from the ancient Greek ορίζων (horizōn). The oldest evidence of the use of ορίζων in the meaning of the horizon dates back to medieval copies of the works of Aristotle. Interestingly, the ancient poets did not use the word ορίζων to refer to the horizon, but preferred to use "Oceanus." The word ορίζων also means "define" and is possibly a combination of ορί (hori) and ζων (zōn). ορί relates to "limit" and “mountain” but could also be linked to "rise," while ζων stems from the verb ζην (zēn), meaning "to live." Together, ορίζων could optionally mean "rise between the mountains to become (alive)." Examining this concept, it becomes similar to the ancient Egyptian concept of the horizon. For the ancient Egyptians, the horizon was the "place of birth and death" of the celestial gods. Similarly, for the ancient Greeks, the gods were born from Oceanus, and in the meaning of horizon, it resembles the ancient Egyptian thought. The ancient Egyptian hieroglyph for the horizon is a (rising) sun between two hills. As the ancient Greeks had a close relationship with ancient Egyptian culture, there was likely significant cultural exchange between them. Although both languages differ greatly, particularly in terms of phonetics, it is possible that the ancient Egyptian concept of the horizon was adopted by the ancient Greeks when they composed the word ορίζων.
Ancient Greek language, Etymology, Horizon, Ancient Egyptian language
Ancient Greek language, Etymology, Horizon, Ancient Egyptian language
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