The article discusses significant changes in the preparation of future teachers that are based on a competency-based approach. Special attention is paid to the formation of legal consciousness of future teachers, which includes knowledge of the basics of legislation, human rights, and the ability to protect them. In addition, the changes are aimed at developing civic competence, promoting national and civic identity, and increasing the importance of media education. A high level of legal consciousness will ensure respect for the rights and freedoms of each participant in the educational process, activate the ability to protect the rights of students in case of their violation, and provide an opportunity to resolve conflicts within the legal framework.