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İbn Hişâm'ın Fevhu'ş-Şezâ Bi-Mes'eleti Kezâ Adlı Risâlesi

Authors: GEYLANİ, Mahfuz;

İbn Hişâm'ın Fevhu'ş-Şezâ Bi-Mes'eleti Kezâ Adlı Risâlesi

Abstract

Ibn Hishām, one of the leading scholars of his time in the Arabic language, is one of the important representatives of the Egyptian grammatical cult. He was well-versed in the sciences of grammar, dictionary, qiraat, hadith, and fiqh and was well-versed in the subtle issues of science. In this study, we have Ibn Hishām’s Risālah entitled Fawḥ al-Shadhā Bi-Mas’alat Kadhā, which contains information about the preposition “كذا” in Arabic. Ibn Hishām was familiar with Abū Ḥayyān’s work entitled al-Shadhā fī aḥkâmi kadhā and realized that the rulings on the preposition “كذا” were not sufficiently explained, so he wrote this treatise. Ibn Hishām divided his risala into five main chapters. In his risala, in which he included the views of grammatical scholars, he mentioned the views of the linguistic cults of Basra and Kufa and the imams of the sect of fiqh. He used sema’ah, qiyas, poetry, and examples used in the Arabic language as istishhād. He did not content himself with merely quoting the views of grammatical scholars, but he also explained his own views through his own thought filter and analyzed and evaluated them. In the first chapter, he explains in detail the different uses of the preposition “كذا” in Arabic grammar. In the second chapter, he explains the three different views on the movement of the preposition “كذا”. In the third chapter, he presents his and other linguists’ views on the irab (the change of letters and movements at the end of words in Arabic) of the preposition “كذا”. In the fourth chapter, he explains the views of four different linguistic scholars on the meaning of the preposition “كذا”. In the fifth chapter, he stated the consequences of using the preposition “كذا” with or without the preposition of attribution according to the imams of the sects.

İbn Hişâm Arap dilinde zamanının önde gelen âlimlerinden olup Mısır gramer ekolünün önemli temsilcilerin¬den biridir. Nahiv, lügat, kıraât, hadîs ve fıkıh ilimlerinde tam bir yetkinlik kazanmış ve ilmin ince meselelerine vakıf olmuştur. Bu çalışmamızda İbn Hişâm’ın Arap dilinde kullanılan “كذا” edatı ile ilgili bilgileri ihtiva eden Fevhu’ş-şezâ bi-mes’eleti kezâ adındaki risâlesini ele aldık. İbn Hişâm, Ebû Hayyân’ın telîf etmiş olduğu eş-Şezâ fî ahkâmi kezâ isimli eserine vakıf olup “كذا” edatı ile ilgili hükümle¬rin yeterince açıklanmadığını görünce bu risaleyi telîf etmiştir. İbn Hişâm risalesini beş ana bölümde ele almıştır. Risalesinde gramer âlimlerinin görüşlerine yer vermiş, Basra ve Kûfe dil ekollerinin ve fıkıh mezhep imamlarının görüşlerini zikretmiştir. Semâı, kıyâsı, şiiri ve Arap dilinde kullanılan örnekleri istişhâd olarak kullanmıştır. Sadece gramer âlimlerinin görüşlerini nakletmekle yetinmemiş görüşleri kendi düşünce süzge¬cinden geçirerek tahlil ve değerlendirmelerle kendi görüşünü de açıklamıştır. Birinci bölümde “كذا” edatının Arap gramerindeki farklı kullanımlarını ayrıntılı bir şekilde anlatır. İkinci bölümde “كذا” edatının temyîzinin harekesi konusundaki üç farklı görüşü açıklar. Üçüncü bölümde كذا” edatının irâbı konusunda kendisinin ve farklı dil bilginlerinin görüşlerini aktarır. Dördüncü bölümde “كذا” edatının anlamı konusundaki dört farklı dil bilgininin görüşünü izah eder. Beşinci bölümde “كذا” edatının atıf edatıyla veya atıfsız olarak kullanılması durumunda mezhep imamlarına göre terettüp eden sonuçları ifade etmiştir.

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Grammar;Linguistics;Preposition;Ibn Hishām;Fawḥ al-Shadhā, İbn Hişâm, Language Studies, Dil Çalışmaları, Gramer;Dilbilim;Edat;İbn Hişâm;Fevhu’ş-Şezâ, Edat, Dilbilim, Fevhu'ş-Şezâ, Gramer

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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