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Seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en mineros, estado Bolívar, Venezuela

Authors: Cermeño, Julman; Amaya, Xavier;

Seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en mineros, estado Bolívar, Venezuela

Abstract

Resumen La leptospirosis es una enfermedad infecciosa, zoonótica, cosmopolita, desatendida y causada por bacterias del género Leptospira. El clima cálido y húmedo de los trópicos es particularmente propicio para su expansión. Se realizó un estudio para determinar la seroprevalencia de Leptospira spp. en mineros que asistían al Centro Diagnostico Hospital Tipo II “Dr. Gervasio Vera Custodio” de Upata, estado Bolívar, Venezuela. Se evaluaron 50 sujetos febriles que aceptaron participar en el estudio. La mayoría se encontraban entre los 21-30 años y 31-40 años (32%; n = 16). El 100% de los individuos tenían como ocupación única la minería de oro, siendo prevalente la minería superficial (n = 45; 90%) sobre la subterránea (n = 5; 10%). Se demostró que 46,0% (n = 23) de los mineros tenían anticuerpos tipo IgM contra Leptospira spp. Se observó asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la presencia de anticuerpos IgM contra Leptospira spp. y las siguientes manifestaciones clínicas: fiebre, vómitos, diarrea, sudoración, coluria y artralgias (p < 0,05). En el presente estudio se demostró una elevada prevalencia de anticuerpos específicos de tipo IgM contra Leptospira spp. (46,0%) en un grupo de mineros del estado Bolívar, siendo este el primer estudio realizado que señala la seroprevalencia de leptospirosis en trabajadores del oro; y que demuestra que este grupo de trabajadores tienen un riesgo considerable de contraer la infección por las condiciones laborales y ambientales existentes en esta región del país. ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is an infectious, zoonotic, cosmopolitan, neglected disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The hot and humid climate of the tropics is particularly conducive to its expansion. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in miners attending the Type II Diagnostic Center Hospital “Dr. Gervasio Vera Custodio” from Upata, Bolívar states, Venezuela. Fifty febrile subjects who agreed to participate in the study were evaluated. Most were between the ages of 21-30 and 31-40 years (n = 16; 32%). One hundred percent of individuals have gold mining as their sole occupation, being surface mining prevalent (n = 45; 90%) over underground (n = 5; 10%). Forty six percent (n = 23) of the miners had IgM antibodies against Leptospira spp. A statistically significant association between the presence of IgM antibodies against Leptospira spp. and the following clinical manifestations: fever, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, choluria and arthralgias (p < 0.05) was observed. A high prevalence of specific IgM antibodies against Leptospira spp. (46.0%) in a group of miners from Bolívar state was shown in this study, the first that indicates the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in gold workers of Venezuela. This population of workers have a considerable risk of contracting the infection due to the labor and environmental conditions existing in this region of the country.

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Keywords

gold mine, enfermedad zoonótica, prevalence, Leptospira spp., Prevalencia, mina de oro, zoonotic disease

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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