The Sachs dataset measures the expression level of different proteins and phospholipids in human cells. It includes the simultaneous measurements of 11 phosphorylated proteins and phospholipids derived from thousands of individual primary immune system cells, subjected to both general and specific molecular interventions. Task: The dataset can be used to study causal discovery algorithms. Summary: Size of collection: 14 datasets on 11 features and 707 to 927 observations Task: Causal Discovery Problem Data Type: Continuous Data Dataset Scope: Collection of Datasets Ground Truth: Known Graph Temporal Structure: Static Data License: CC BY (granted by G. Nolan and D. Lauffenburger) Missing Values: No Missing Data Missingness Statement: There are no missing values. Features: Each sample in each dataset consists of quantitative amounts of each of the following 11 phosphorylated molecules, simultaneously measured from single cells: Measured molecule Antibody specificity Raf Phosphorylation at S259 Erk1 and Erk2 Phosphorylation at T202 and Y204 P38 Phosphorylation at T180 and Y182 Jnk Phosphorylation at T183 and Y185 Akt. Phosphorylation at S473 Mek 1 and Mek2 Phosphorylation at S217 and S221 PKA substrates Detects proteins and peptides containing a phospho-Ser/Thr residue with arginine at the -3 position PKC Detects phosphorylated PKC-α, -βI, -βII, -δ, -ϵ, -η, and -θ isoforms only at C-terminal residue homologous to S660 of PKC-βII Plcg Phosphorylation at Y783 PIP2 Detects PIP2 PIP3 Detects PIP3 Files: The datasets were collected after a series of stimulatory cues and inhibitory interventions, with cell reactions stopped at 15 minutes after stimulation by fixation, to profile the effects of each condition on the intracellular signaling networks of human primary naïve CD4+ T cells, downstream of CD3, CD28, and LFA-1 activation. The following conditions were used: File Stimulation Description cd3cd28.csv CD3, CD28 T cell activation cd3cd28icam2.csv CD3, CD28, ICAM-2 LFA-1 signaling induction cd3cd28_aktinhib.csv CD3, CD28, akt-inhibitor PKA activation cd3cd28_g0076.csv CD3, CD28, G0076 AKT inhibition cd3cd28_psitect.csv CD3, CD28, Psitectorigenin MEK1/MEK2 inhibition cd3cd28_u0126.csv CD3, CD28, U0126 PKC activation cd3cd28_ly.csv CD3, CD28, LY294002 PKC inhibition pma.csv PMA PIP2 production inhibition b2camp.csv β2camp AKT inhibition cd3cd28icam2_aktinhib.csv CD3, CD28, ICAM-2, akt-inhib simulated dataset cd3cd28icam2_g0076.csv CD3, CD28, ICAM-2, G0076 simulated dataset cd3cd28icam2_psit.csv CD3, CD28, ICAM-2, Psitectorigenin simulated dataset cd3cd28icam2_u0126.csv CD3, CD28, ICAM-2, U0126 simulated dataset cd3cd28icam2_ly.csv CD3, CD28, ICAM-2, LY294002 simulated dataset Ground_Truth.csv: Directed Graph derived in Sachs et al. (2005) through multiple interventional experiments.