: While facing accelerating consolidation and an increasing number of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in the banking industry in Germany, there is evidence that in a significant number of cases, the expected synergies have not been achieved after the M&A integration projects. An important reason is an insufficient focus on the suitability and complementarity of the target and the bidder’s business strategies in the context of synergy realization of M&A transactions. Although there may be a macro-level understanding in the current research, this study is designed to provide deeper insights into the degree of strategic cost and product orientation, external relatedness concerning target markets, combination potential, and entrepreneurial orientation, which maximizes synergy realization and reduces corresponding failure rates. This study relies on a sample of 263 online survey responses from M&A transactions of the banking industry in Germany, including cross-border transactions. The research strategy follows a quantitative approach, an empirical study with primary data gathered from an online survey with experienced M&A project and change managers. The study is highly relevant for both the academic world as well as decision-makers responsible for M&A transactions, as the results provide an in-depth understanding of synergy realization to gain new insights and improve M&A success rates, while differentiating and looking at the specifics of the German banking groups including cross-border M&A transactions.

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