The rapid growth of Uzbekistan population's real incomes and the increase in the amount of income at their disposal is a very important and urgent task facing the government. As a result of the fundamental reforms carried out in recent years, the gross domestic product of our country is growing, and, in turn, the real incomes of the population are increasing. The role of the income taxation mechanism in this matter is very significant. This article provides a detailed analysis of the structure of the population's income and their taxation in our country.