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Enfermedad Vascular Cerebral en COVID-19, Revisión de sus Mecanismos Patologicos, Diagnostico por Imagen e Implicaciones Terapéuticas

Authors: Dulcey-Sarmiento, Luis Andrés; Theran-Leon, Juan Sebastián; Cabrera-Peña, Valentina; Parales-Strauch, Rafael Guillermo; Caltagirone, Riamondo;

Enfermedad Vascular Cerebral en COVID-19, Revisión de sus Mecanismos Patologicos, Diagnostico por Imagen e Implicaciones Terapéuticas

Abstract

La enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda, particularmente el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, ha surgido como una complicación grave de la infección por el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). La acumulación de datos sobre pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular asociado con COVID-19 ha arrojado luz sobre las especificidades relacionadas con la presentación clínica, los hallazgos de neuroimagen y sus resultados. Dichas especificidades incluyen una propensión a la oclusión de vasos grandes, accidente cerebrovascular multiterritorial y compromiso de vasos afectados de otra manera poco común. Por el contrario, la enfermedad cerebral de vasos pequeños, la trombosis venosa cerebral y la hemorragia intracerebral parecen ser menos frecuentes. Los casos que presentaban encefalopatía o encefalitis con crisis epilépticas sintomáticas que presagiaban un accidente cerebrovascular fueron particularmente desafiantes. La patogénesis y el manejo óptimo del accidente cerebrovascular isquémico asociado con COVID-19 aún son inciertos, pero la evidencia emergente sugiere que la coagulopatía y la endoteliopatía desencadenadas por tormentas de citoquinas representan posibles mecanismos a los que se puede apuntar. Algunos problemas de manejo específicos en esta población incluyen la dificultad para identificar signos clínicos de accidente cerebrovascular en pacientes críticos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos, así como la necesidad de una vía protegida para imágenes cerebrales, trombólisis intravenosa y trombectomía mecánica, teniendo en cuenta que “el tiempo es cerebro” también para pacientes con COVID-19.

Keywords

Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Enfermedad cerebrovascular, Coagulopatía, Evento cerebrovascular hemorrágico, Complicaciones neurológicas

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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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