A significant hazard to human health is tuberculosis infection, and in the early 21st century, the disease's prevalence has dramatically increased worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the organism that causes tuberculosis, and it uses a number of tactics to thrive in different host lesions. Due to these survival strategies, the infection is immune to currently available medications, which is a significant reason why tuberculosis cannot be effectively controlled. There are numerous medications that can be used in therapeutic settings, and a number of prospective substances are also being screened, produced, or tested in preclinical or clinical research. Effective and long-lasting progress in the creation of anti-tuberculosis medications will primarily depend on an accurate comprehension of the complicated the pathogen's interactions with the host human. There is a lot of information to support the characteristics of tuberculosis. In this work, we emphasized the difficulties in creating innovative medications with strong bacteriostatic or bactericidal activity that shorten the minimal amount of time needed to treat tuberculosis infection.