This NISO Plus 2023 talk addresses various issues around the fragmentation of the current persistent identifier landscape as identified in the course of the study on PIDs commissioned by the Knowledge Exchange. The seven case studies produced in the course of this work are presented showing the various types of PIDs addressed in each of them. Three different aspects are then examined under the common theme of PID landscape fragmentation: the dichotomy between 'technical' and 'admin-oriented' PIDs, the coexistence of competing technical solutions for specific PIDs and the ambiguous concept of 'community' in the expression "community-driven PID". Two main recommendations are finally provided to address the current fragmentation in the PID landscape.

Presentation delivered within the session "Risks and Trust in Pursuit of a Well-functioning Persistent Identifier Infrastructure for Research" within the virtual NISO Plus 2023 Conference.