Establish the quality control standard of rhubarb anti-trauma cataplasm. The qualitative analysis of rhubarb, angelica, and affective components of aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, and emodin has been done with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The TLC spots of rhubarb and angelica in rhubarb antisurgery papu were clear, and the negative control had no interference. HPLC results demonstrate that high intense hydrophilic compound peaks are observed on the lower side; however, low intense peaks are towards the higher side of the scale. The intensity of these peaks is decreased from mixed reference solution to test solution and negative reference solution.