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Il 'golden goal' di un utilizzo funzionale e connesso dell'immagine di persona nota: verso un improbabile equilibrio tra notorietà, interesse pubblico e spettacolarizzazione dello sport

Authors: Dore, Giulia;

Il 'golden goal' di un utilizzo funzionale e connesso dell'immagine di persona nota: verso un improbabile equilibrio tra notorietà, interesse pubblico e spettacolarizzazione dello sport

Abstract

L’opera annota una recente pronuncia della Corte di Cassazione (ordinanza, 16 giugno 2022, n. 19515) in tema di diritto all’immagine. In essa, la Suprema corte propende per la liceità di una riproduzione non autorizzata dell’immagine di una persona nota che sia ritratta nell’ambito sia delle attività da cui la notorietà è scaturita (l’attività calcistica) sia di quelle accessorie o connesse. Ciò pur sempre nel rispetto della sfera privata in cui si esercita il diritto alla riservatezza e del divieto di sfruttamento reclamistico (non autorizzato) dell’immagine altrui. Nell’ordinanza de quo, che sembra respingere l’idea che un noto ex calciatore possa avere una legittima aspettativa di riservatezza rispetto ad attività connesse all’ambito in cui la notorietà è sorta, si propone una lettura estensiva dell’art. 97 l.d.a., ma si pretende di non definirla tale. La maggiore criticità della pronuncia, secondo l’Autrice, è tuttavia data dalla circostanza che, di fatto, trascura la dimensione positiva del diritto all’immagine. L’ambizione di trovare il giusto equilibrio tra il diritto all’immagine di una persona nota e l’altrui diritto a utilizzare liberamente la sua immagine in nome di un preminente interesse pubblico è un obiettivo prezioso. Eppure, nel caso di specie, lo stesso obiettivo finisce per non essere centrato. Adoperando una metafora calcistica, la pronuncia in commento rischia di trasformarsi in una regola di “golden goal”, nata per incoraggiare la spettacolarizzazione del calcio, dove vince la squadra che per prima si porta in vantaggio e chiude la partita, ma destinata a diventare presto desueta. Qui il primo a segnare è l’editore e il calciatore che potrà solo confidare nella prossima partita giudiziaria. The work notes a recent ruling by the Supreme Court (ordinanza 16 June 2022, no. 19515) on the subject matter of image rights. The Supreme Court upholds the lawfulness of an unauthorised reproduction of the image of a famous person portrayed in the context of activities from which the notoriety arose (football activity) and accessory or related activities. This should anyway respect the private sphere in which a right to privacy is exercised, and the general prohibition of (unauthorised) advertising exploitation of the image of others. The ruling, apparently rejecting the idea that a well-known former footballer may have a legitimate expectation of confidentiality with respect to activities connected to the sphere in which his notoriety arose, offers an extensive reading of Art. 97 of the Copyright Law, but it pretends not to define it as such. The most critical aspect of the pronunciation, however, according to the author, is the fact that the positive dimension of the right to image appears neglected. The ambition to strike the right balance between the right to the image of a well-known person and the right of others to freely use their image in the name of an overriding public interest is a valuable objective. Yet, in the present case, the same objective ends up being missed. Using a football metaphor, the ordinance under comment runs the risk of turning into a 'golden goal' rule, created to encourage the spectacularisation of football, where the team that first takes the lead and closes the game wins, which was indeed destined to soon become obsolete. Here the first to score is by the publisher and the footballer who can only trust in the next judicial game.

In corso di pubblicazione in Foro italiano

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Italy
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Keywords

Diritto all’immagine – Persona nota – Sfruttamento commerciale – Consenso – Esimenti, Sfruttamento commerciale, Esimenti, Persona nota, Diritto all'immagine

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