The article presents the results of spectral-frequency analysis of baseline electroencephalogram in different groups with application of modern computerized electroencephalographic method. It has been concluded that the functional status of long-livers’ brains is characterized with the low activity in combination with the protective inhibitory effects of sub-cortical structures onto cortical activity. In the group of long-livers’ relatives high functional activity of the brain indicating high adaptive opportunities was recorded. In the control group initial stages of the adaptation disturbances with the increase of excitation processes were revealed