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Producción y diversificación sostenible del cultivo de ñame (Dioscorea spp.) en condiciones de sequía agrícola en el municipio de Jiguaní

Authors: Reyes Avalos, Diana María; Borges García, Misterbino;

Producción y diversificación sostenible del cultivo de ñame (Dioscorea spp.) en condiciones de sequía agrícola en el municipio de Jiguaní

Abstract

Contexto: El impacto negativo de la sequía de corto y largo período acaecidos durante las últimas décadas en el municipio de Jiguaní, ha constituido un importante obstáculo en los esfuerzos por garantizar el bienestar de la población y el estable desarrollo de la agricultura. Objetivo: La investigación tuvo como objetivo potenciar la diversificación y producción sostenible del cultivo del ñame en condiciones de sequía agrícola en el municipio Jiguaní con el uso de semilla biotecnológica. La experiencia se desarrolló en la agricultura urbana, suburbana y familiar en el municipio de Jiguaní, provincia Granma, Cuba. La elección obedeció a que es un municipio eminentemente agrícola con tradición en la producción del cultivo del ñame (Dioscorea spp.) y sometido en los últimos cinco años a periodos de sequía prolongada, donde la mayoría de las fuentes de abasto (pozos) de los campesinos se han agotado. Métodos: La innovación biotecnológica fundamental se basó, en la implementación de la tecnología de producción acelerada de semilla de ñame, combinando los métodos biotecnológicos y convencionales, para incrementar la propagación sostenible de diferentes clones (Caballo, Criollo, Chino Blanco, Caraqueño, Blanco de Guinea, Papa), acompañado de un importante programa de sensibilización y capacitación a nivel local, promoviendo la articulación participativa de los actores locales. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos permitieron implementar de manera satisfactoria la tecnología biotecnológica de semilla certificada de ñame a partir de un manejo sostenible de 2000 a 6000 en el 2018 para un área total de 0.6 ha (6000 plantas), contribuyendo al desarrollo local. Finalmente, el análisis organoléptico contribuyó a definir los clones más promisorios para su producción y comercialización exitosa en condiciones agroecológicas de secano. Conclusiones: Se logró la diversificación y producción sostenible del cultivo del ñame en condiciones de sequía agrícola en el municipio Jiguaní con el uso de semilla biotecnológica.

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Keywords

Agriculture (General), desarrollo local, semilla certificada, innovación biotecnológica, S1-972, agricultura sostenible

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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