{"references": ["1.\tCodul penal, adoptat de Parlamentul Republicii Moldova la 18.04.2002. \u00cen: Monitorul Oficial al Republicii Moldova, 2002, nr.128-129, republicat \u00een Monitorul Oficial al Republicii Moldova, 2009, nr.72-74.", "2.\tCodul penal al Republicii Franceze. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: http://codexpenal.just.ro/laws/Cod-Penal-Franta-RO.html", "3.\tCodul penal al Republicii Letonia. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: http://codexpenal.just.ro/laws/Cod-Penal-Letonia-RO.html", "4.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u042f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: https://constitutions.ru/?p=407", "5.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0438. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: https://matsne.gov.ge/ru/document/view/16426?publication=229", "6.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u041a\u044b\u0440\u0433\u044b\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: https://shailoo.gov.kg/media/anarbek/2018/01/27/22_jP701lJ.pdf", "7.\t\u0420\u0410\u0421\u0422\u041e\u0420\u041e\u041f\u041e\u0412\u0410, \u041e.\u0412. \u0418 \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044c \u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u00cen: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435. 2017, \u21164, \u0441. 143-145.", "8.\t\u041b\u0410\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0410, \u041b.\u042e. \u041a \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0445. \u00cen: \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430. 2011, \u21161, c. 48-51.", "BULAI, C., BULAI, B.N. Manual de drept penal. Partea General\u0103. Bucure\u0219ti: Universul Juridic, 2007. 678 p.", "10.\t\u0422\u0410\u0420\u0410\u0421\u041e\u0412\u0410, \u042e.\u0415. \u042d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0435. \u00cen: \u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. 2018, \u21167(92), \u0441. 178-185.", "11.\tGIURGIU, N. Legea penal\u0103 \u0219i infrac\u021biunea (doctrin\u0103, legisla\u021bie, practic\u0103 judiciar\u0103). Ia\u0219i: Gama, 1996. 448 p.", "12.\t\u0410\u0413\u0410\u0415\u0412, \u0418.\u0411. \u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u00cen: \u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e. 2003, \u21163, c. 4-6.", "13.\t\u041c\u0410\u041b\u041a\u041e\u0412, \u0412.\u041f. \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c: \u0422\u0430\u0433\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442, 2006. 140 c.", "14.\t\u0423\u0421, \u041e.\u0412. \u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457. \u0425\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0456\u0432: \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e, 2018. 368 c.", "15.\t\u0415\u041d\u0418\u041a\u0415\u0415\u0412\u0410, \u041b.\u0424. \u0414\u0438\u0444\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 / \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430, 2006. 186 c.", "16.\tLegea Republicii pentru modificarea \u0219i completarea Codului penal al Republicii Moldova, nr.277 din 18.12.2008. \u00cen: Monitorul Oficial al Republicii Moldova, 2009, nr.41-44.", "17.\tBORODAC, A., GHERMAN, M. Calificarea infrac\u021biunilor. Chi\u0219in\u0103u: Tipografia Central\u0103, 2006. 264 p.", "18.\tGRAMA M., BOTNARU S., \u0218AVGA, A. et al. Drept penal. Partea general\u0103. Chi\u0219in\u0103u: Tipografia Central\u0103, 2012. 328 p.", "19.\tMACARI, I. Dreptul penal al Republicii Moldova. Partea General\u0103. Chi\u0219in\u0103u: CE USM, 2002. 398 p.", "20.\tBARB\u0102NEAGR\u0102, A., BERLIBA, V., GURSCHI, C. et al. Codul penal comentat \u015fi adnotat. Chi\u015fin\u0103u: Cartier, 2005. 656 p.", "21.\tPERSIDSKIS, A. Noziedz\u012bgu nodar\u012bjumukop\u012bba aggregation of criminal offences / Promocijas darba kopsavilkums synopsys of the doctoral thesis. Riga, 2018. 37 p.", "22.\tSentin\u021ba Judec\u0103toriei Chi\u0219in\u0103u, sediul Buiucani din 05 ianuarie 2022. Dosarul nr.1-1526/2021. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: https://jc.instante.justice.md/ro/pigd_integration/pdf/a582a1db-4617-4963-a91a-ae2d8cdd1cc6", "23.\tBR\u00ceNZA, S. Unele observa\u021bii referitoare la Hot\u0103r\u00e2rea Plenului Cur\u021bii Supreme de Justi\u021bie nr.1 din 23.02.2015. \u00cen: Materialele Conferin\u021bei \u0219tiin\u021bifice na\u021bionale cu participare interna\u021bional\u0103 \"Integrare prin cercetare \u0219i inovare\", \u0218tiin\u021be juridice \u0219i economice, (Chi\u0219in\u0103u, 10-11 noiembrie 2015), p. 3-5.", "BR\u00ceNZA, S. Unele aspecte ale aplic\u0103rii \u00een practic\u0103 a r\u0103spunderii pentru sustragere. \u00cen: Revista \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 a USM \"Studia Universitatis\", Seria \"\u0218tiin\u021be sociale\". 2008, nr.4(14), p. 96-107.", "25.\t\u0421\u041e\u0417\u0410\u041d\u0421\u042c\u041a\u0418\u0419, \u0422.\u0406. \u041a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0441\u0443\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0456\u0432 / \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a. \u041b\u044c\u0432\u0456\u0432, 2009. 23 c.", "26.\t\u041c\u0410\u0422\u041b\u042e\u0411\u041e\u0412, \u0411.\u0411. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. \u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442, 2008. 72 c.", "27.\tCOJOCARU, R. Tr\u0103s\u0103turile definitorii \u0219i formele concursului de infrac\u021biuni potrivit Codului penal al Republicii Moldova. \u00cen: Analele \u0219tiin\u021bifice ale Academiei \"\u0218tefan cel Mare\", \u0218tiin\u021be juridice. 2011, nr.XI(2), p. 15-20.", "28.\tCOTOROBAI, I. Modalit\u0103\u021bile concursului de infrac\u021biuni \u0219i problematica aplic\u0103rii pedepsei penale. \u00cen: Revista Procuraturii Republicii Moldova. 2020, nr.7, p. 35-47.", "29.\tSTATI, V., RENI\u021a\u0102, GH. Dilema (ne)constitu\u021bionalit\u0103\u021bii dispozi\u021biei cu privire la repetarea violului. \u00cen: \u00abPolish Science Journal\u00bb. 2021, Issue 6(39), p. 97-105.", "30.\t\u041f\u0418\u041d\u0427\u0423\u041a, \u0412.\u0418. \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433, 1999. 33 c.", "31.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_10699/", "32.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: https://kodeksy-by.com/ugolovnyj_kodeks_rb.htm", "33.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0410\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: http://www.parliament.am/legislation.php?ID=1349&lang=rus&sel=show", "34.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: https://meget.kiev.ua/kodeks/ugolovniy-kodeks/razdel-7/", "35.\t\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: http://continent-online.com/Document/?doc_id=30420353", "\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0422\u0443\u0440\u043a\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430.[Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: http://continent-online.com/Document/?doc_id=31295286", "\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d. [Accesat: 04.03.2022] Disponibil: HTTPS://ONLINE.ZAKON.KZ/DOCUMENT/?DOC_ID=31575252", "\u0423\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0423\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d. [Accesat: 04.03.2022]Disponibil: https://lex.uz/docs/111457", "39.\tBOTNARU, S., \u0218AVGA, A., GRAMA, M. et. al. Drept penal. Partea general\u0103. Chi\u0219in\u0103u: Cartier, 2005. 624 p.", "40.\tBR\u00ceNZA, S., STATI, V. Considerente de natur\u0103 politico-penal\u0103 \u00een vederea abolirii institu\u021biei de repetare a infrac\u021biunii. \u00cen: Revista \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 a USM \"Studia Universitatis\". 2007, nr.6, p. 60-72.", "MARTIN, D., COPE\u021aCHI, S. Calificarea concursului de infrac\u021biuni. Partea I. \u00cen: Revista Na\u021bional\u0103 de Drept. 2015, nr.1, p. 25, pp. 23-28.", "42.\tBR\u00ceNZA, S., STATI, V., COPE\u021aCHI, S. Infrac\u0163iunile privind via\u0163a sexual\u0103 din perspectiva legii penale a Republicii Moldova: aspecte de lege ferenda. \u00cen: Polish Science Journal, 2020, Issue 3(24), p. 151-170.", "43.\tBR\u00ceNZA, S. Comentariul unor prevederi ale Hot\u0103r\u00e2rii Plenului Cur\u021bii Supreme de Justi\u021bie, nr.17 din 07.11.2005, \"Despre practica judiciar\u0103 \u00een cauzele din categoria infrac\u021biunilor privind via\u021ba sexual\u0103\": circumstan\u021bele agravante ale infrac\u021biunilor prev\u0103zute la art.171 \u0219i la art.172 CP RM. \u00cen: Revista Institutului Na\u021bional al Justi\u021biei. 2008, nr.3, p. 32-41.", "44.\tBR\u00ceNZA, S. Despre necesitatea adopt\u0103rii unei noi hot\u0103r\u00e2ri explicative a Plenului Cur\u021bii Supreme de Justi\u021bie dedicate practicii judiciare \u00een cauzele referitoare la infrac\u021biunile privind via\u021ba sexual\u0103 (Partea I). \u00cen: Revista Institutului Na\u021bional al Justi\u021biei. 2009, nr.4, p. 36-49.", "MOSCALCIUC, I. Problema stabilirii elementelor circumstan\u021biale agravante ale infrac\u021biunilor s\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219ite \u00een sfera consumului de produse \u0219i servicii. \u00cen: Revista Na\u021bional\u0103 de Drept. 2007, nr.8, p. 49-54."]}

In the present study is analyzed multiple offences – form of the plurality of offences. The multiple offences is defined, including from a comparative perspective. The features inherent of such form of criminal plurality are identified. It is concluded that, according to the criminal regulations in force, multiple offences may consist of heterogeneous, homogeneous or even identical crimes. It is pointed out that the absence of a final criminal conviction for at least two of the offenses committed is the essence of the multiple offences. Also, another feature of the multiple offences is highlighted – the possibility of prosecuting for at least two of the crimes committed.