This is a supplementary dataset cited by the manuscript 'Defining composition and function of the rhizosphere microbiota of barley genotypes exposed to growth-limiting nitrogen supplies' and depicts the results of the analysis of individual GO-terms identified on the top 10 clusters differentiating between samples and arranged as individual spreadsheets. For each cluster we determined the significance of individual terms in pair-wise comparisons between bulk soil and rhizosphere samples and, within the latter, between genotypes (Wald test, Individual P values <0.05, FDR corrected).