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Kemalpâşazâde'nin Halku'l-Kur'ân Problemine Yaklaşımı

Authors: Eyüp GÜR;

Kemalpâşazâde'nin Halku'l-Kur'ân Problemine Yaklaşımı

Abstract

The debate about whether the Qur'an, which is a manifestation of Allah's Kalam (discourse, speech) attribute, was created or not was discussed among the sects. At the same time, the Mu'tazila proclaimed that the Qur'an was created, while the Salafi approach, which we consider the 'Ahl-i hadith,' expressed the opinion that it was not made. On the other hand, the Kalam school of Ahl-i Sunnah found a middle way in that the Qur'an was not created in its aspect toward Allah but its aspect toward humans. Therefore, as a follower of Ahl-i Sunnah, Kamalpashazāde has evaluated the issue of the people of the Qur'an, which plays an essential role in the separation of sects, by focusing on it. This study will try to reveal the author's view and style on this issue. In his work 'Risāle fī beyān mes'eleti halkı’l-Qur’ān,' the philosopher mentioned above expressed the opinions of the sects in a narrating and descriptive style but did not talk much about his own opinion. In addition, in his work called 'Risāle fī-takrīr enne'l-Kur'āni'l-Azīm kelāmullāhi'l-kadīm,' there is an indirect reference to the topic. The author concludes that all sects oppose the Ahl assunna after outlining the viewpoints of the various sects on the creation of the Qur'an, starting with the Mu'tazila. He also states that the opinions of sects such as Karramiyyah and Hasheviyyah are insignificant, and the honest debate goes on between Mu'tazila and Ahl-i Sunnah. He presents the concept of Ahl as-Sunna in an adaptive style. On the formation of the topic, İbn Kamalpasha benefited a lot from works like Nasafī's at-Tabsıratü’l-edille, Âmidī's Abkāru'l-afkār, and Taftonānī's Şarhu'l-Makāsıd.

Allah’ın kelâm sıfatının bir tezahürü olan Kur’ân’ın yaratılmış olup-olmadığı fırkalar arasında tartışılmış; Mu’tezile, Kur’ân’ın yaratılmış olduğunu beyan ederken, Ehl-i hadis dediğimiz selefî yaklaşım, Kur’ân’ın yaratılmadığı yönünde kanaat belirtmiştir. Ehl-i sünnet kelam ekolü ise, Kur’ân, Allah’a bakan yönüyle yaratılmamış, insana bakan yönüyle yaratılmıştır, formatında orta bir yol bulmuştur. İşte bir Ehl-i sünnet müntesibi Kemâlpaşazâde, mezheplerin ayrışmasında önemli rol oynayan halku’l Kur’ân meselesini mercek altına alarak değerlendirmeye tâbi tutmuştur. Biz bu çalışmamızda, müellifin bu mevzûdaki görüşünü, üslûbunu ortaya çıkarmaya çalışacağız. Düşünürümüz, Risâle fî beyâni mes’eleti halki’l-Kur’ân adlı eserinde halku’l- Kur’ân meselesinde mezheplerin görüşlerini hikayeci ve tasvîri bir üslûpla anlatmış, kendi görüşünü fazla beyan etmemiştir. Ayrıca onun Risâle fî-takrîr enne’l-Kur’âni’l- Azîm kelâmullâhi’l-kadîm isimli eserinde konuya dolaylı olarak atıf yapılmıştır. Müellif, Mu’tezile’den başlayarak fırkaların, Kur’ân’ın yaratılmışlığına yönelik görüşlerini verdikten sonra, bütün fırkaların Ehl-i sünnetin karşında durduğuna kanaat getirir. Kerrâmiye ve Haşeviye gibi fırkaların görüşlerinin bir önemi olmadığını, asıl tartışmanın Mu’tezile ile Ehl-i sünnet arasında devam ettiğini beyan eder. Ehl-i sünnet telakkisini sahiplenici bir dille anlatır. İbn Kemâlpaşa, mevzûnun şekillenmesinde Nesefî’nin et-Tebsıratü’l-edille, Âmidî’nin Ebkâru’l-efkâr ve Teftazânî’nin Şerhu’l-Mekâsıd adlı eserlerinden yoğun bir şekilde istifade etmiştir.

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Turkey
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Keywords

H1-99, Kemâlpaşazâde, ahl-i sunnah, kemâlpaşazâde, Kalam, kalam, Kelam, Ehl-i sünnet, Kelam Mahluk, uncreated, Social sciences (General), Mu’tezile, kamalpashazāde., gayr-i mahlûk, AZ20-999, Kelâm Mahlûk, Gayr-i Mahlûk, Mu'tezile, Ehl-i sünnet, Kemâlpaşazâde., Gayr-i Mahlûk, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, creation, ehl-i sünnet, Kelam Mahluk;Gayr-i Mahlûk;Mu’tezile;Ehl-i sünnet;Kemâlpaşazâde, Kalam;Creation;Uncreated;Mu’tazila;Ahl-i Sunnah;Kamalpashazāde., kelam mahluk, mu’tezile, mu’tazila

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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