Humans great and quick technology breakthroughs in previous decades have undoubtedly influenced how surgical duties are conducted in the operating room (OR). As high-tech workplaces, modern ORshave introduced unique computational technologies into the clinical workflow, with the goal of optimizing operations and assisting the surgical team. Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly important in surgical decision making to assist surgeons and patients in making better predictions about the consequences of surgical decisions by addressing diverse sources of information such as patient risk factors, anatomy, disease natural history, patient values, and costs. However, there was a controversy whether AIs capacity to deliver on its promises is contingent on effectively overcoming the ethical and practical concerns outlined, such as explainability and algorithmic bias. Even if such concerns appear to be purely practical or technical, a deeper investigation reveals considerations of value, justice, and trust. This review will discuss AI applications as well as its effects and limitations that appear and should be considered.