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Emevî Halifeleri ve Hadis -Süfyânîler Dönemi-

Authors: Tüzün;

Emevî Halifeleri ve Hadis -Süfyânîler Dönemi-

Abstract

İslâm tarihinde hadis uydurma faaliyetlerinin, genellikle Hz. Osman’ın şehit edilmesinden sonra başladığı kabul edilir. Bilhassa Şîa mensupları tarafından Hz. Ali ve Ehl-i Beytin fazileti, Emevî halifelerinin kötülüğü hakkında çokça hadis uydurulmuştur. Şîa’nın hadis uydurmasına mukabil, Emevî taraftarları da hadis uydurmaya başlamıştır. Bazı müellifler, Emevî taraftarlarınca uydurulan hadislerin, Emevî halifelerinin teşvikiyle olduğunu, hatta bu faaliyetin bir sahâbî olan ilk Emevî halifesi Hz. Muâviye tarafından başlatıldığını iddia etmişlerdir. Bu makalede önce tarih kitaplarında Emevîler hakkındaki bilgilerin sıhhati sorgulanmış, tarih kitaplarının ciddi bir emek mahsûlü olan hadis kitapları kadar sağlam olmadığı tesbit edilmiştir. Daha sonra da yalnızca Emevî halifelerinin Süfyânî kolu –Hz. Muâviye, oğlu Yezîd ve onun oğlu II. Muâviye- ele alınarak konu tahlil edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Hz. Muâviye ele alınırken, onun şahsiyeti, sünnete bağlı olup olmadığı, sahâbî ve tâbiîlerin onun rivâyetleri hakkındaki değerlendirmeleri ve hakkındaki hadis uydurma iddiaları ele alınmıştır. Daha sonra ikinci halife Yezîd hakkında âlimlerin görüşü ve hadis rivâyeti üzerinde durulmuştur. Son olarak üçüncü halife II. Muâviye hakkında kısa bir bilgilendirme yapılmıştır. Bu makalede Emevî halifelerinin yalnızca Süfyânî kolu ele alınmıştır. Emevîlerin ikinci kolu Mervânî halifeleri başka bir makalede ele alınacaktır. In the history of Islam, it is generally accepted that the activities of fabricating hadiths started after Hz.Osman. Several hadiths have been fabricated about Hz.Ali and his family and the evil of the Umayyad caliphs especially by the Shia. Some authors state that fabrication of hadith was encouraged by Umayyad caliphs like Hz. Muawiye. In this article, firstly, the authenticity of the information about the Umayyads in the history books was questioned, and it was determined that the history books were not as reliable as the hadith books. Subsequently, the subject has been tried to be analyzed by considering only the Sufyani branch of the Umayyad caliphs – Hz. Muawiya, his son Yazid and his son Muawiya II.- While dealing with Muawiya, his personality, his adherence to the Sunnah, the evaluations of the Companions and Tabiin about his narrations and the claims of fabricating hadiths about him were discussed. Then, the opinions of scholars and hadith narration about the second caliph Yazid were emphasized. Finally, a short discussion was made about the third caliph Muawiya II. In this article, only the Sufyani branch of the Umayyad caliphs is discussed. The second branch, the Marwani caliphs, will be discussed in another article.

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Keywords

Hadis Uydurma Hadis Emevîler Hz. Muâviye Yezîd Ḥadīth Fabricated Hadith Umayyad Hz. Muawiya Yazid

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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