The family Pruvotinidae (Solenogastres, Cavibelonia) comprises 34 species grouped in 15 genera, five subfamilies and one uncertain subfamily. Three genera with 15 species make up the subfamily Pruvotininae characterized by hook-shaped, hollow acicular sclerites, dorso-pharyngeal gland and ventrolateral foregut glands type A or type Pararrhopalia. Seven species of this subfamily new to science are described in this paper: Pararrhopalia oscari Pedrouzo & Urgorri n. sp., Pruvotina glandulosa n. sp., Pruvotina bathyalis n. sp., Pruvotina zamarroae n. sp., Pruvotina harpagone n. sp., Labidoherpia vitucoi Pedrouzo & García-Álvarez n. sp. and Labidoherpia lucus n. sp. from hard substrata of bathyal bottoms of NW Iberian Peninsula at a depth of 438 - 2516 m. In addition, the midgut with regular constrictions of Pararrhopalia pruvoti Simroth, 1893 and Pararrhopalia oscari n. sp. and the harpoon-shaped sclerites of Pruvotina harpagone n. sp. have led to modify the diagnosis of the genera Pararrhopalia, Pruvotina and Labidoherpia. Pararrhopalia pruvoti Simroth, 1893 is redescribed. In the taxonomical discussion about the family Pruvotinidae, the classification of the genus Forcepimenia Salvini-Plawen, 1969 in the subfamily Halomeniinae Salvini-Plawen, 1978 and of the genus Scheltemaia Salvini-Plawen, 2003 in the new subfamily Scheltemaiinae is proposed. The classification of the family Pruvotinidae is summarized.