Corresponding peer-reviewed publication This dataset corresponds to all the RRR/RAPID input and output files that were used in the study reported in: Emery, C. M., C. H. David, K. M. Andreadis, M. J. Turmon, J. T. Reager, and J. M. Hobbs (2020), Underlying Fundamentals of Kalman Filtering for River Network Modeling, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 21, 453-474, DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-19-0084.1. When making use of any of the files in this dataset, please cite both the aforementioned article and the dataset herein. Known bugs and limitations in this dataset or the associated manuscript. In the final version of the published manuscript, Figure 5a, Figure 5b, Figure 5c, and Figure SF1 are inaccurate. The issue in these figures is that they were all prepared with an incorrect indexing relating observed and simulated discharge, hence observations at any one location were consistently being compared to simulations at another different location. As a result, all values of "measured" discharge errors (i.e. Bias, STDE, and RMSE) are incorrect. This issue did not affect the values of "estimated" errors, nor did it affect all values of the Nash-Sutcliffe effeciency that are presented. The figures published in the manuscript can all be recreated using the files in which "BUG_DO_NOT_USE" was appended to the name. Correct figures can also be created using corresponding file names that were not so appended. Note that corrected versions of Figure 5a, Figure 5b, Figure 5c, and Figure SF1 all retain the same strong linear relationships that are discussed in the paper. The slope of the daily discharge STDE trend initially reported as \(\alpha = 0.3876\) in Figure 5c changes to \(\alpha = 0.4507\) after correction. The resulting value of the ideal inflation factor hence changes from \(I = {1 \over 0.3876} \approx 2.58\) to \(I = {1 \over 0.4507} \approx 2.22\). This updated ideal inflation factor has no impact on the conclusions reached in the manuscript because it remains closer to \(I = 2.58\) than to \(I = 1\) or \(I = 5\), i.e. the three values that were evaluated.