The absence of clear clinical signs of diabetic polyneuropathy in children and adolescents, the asymptomatic progression of the process, compared with the adult population, is of great interest among physicians dealing with this problem. In the work of the study, laboratory indicators of ciliary and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were used as a prognostic marker, before and after treatment, with drugs proposed as an additional therapy to the main traditional treatment. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of the use of diagnostic and treatment methods.