Cognitive research is a certain interdisciplinary complex of scientific systems interconnected by common problems of consciousness and human life. The emergence of interdisciplinary research, on the one hand, is due to changes taking place in society, and on the other hand, the relevance of choosing priority areas for the development of science in general. As a result of this, there is a transition from the science of branch specialization to a general problem, the identification of both internal and integrative development trends. This article attempts to show the methodological significance of cognitive science in the analysis of economic processes directly related to consciousness, choice and human behavior. Interdisciplinary research opens up prospects for the further development of science, transforming its anthological structure (the volume of scientific research becomes not an element, but a complex integral system) and destroying the usual forms of disciplinary hierarchy.