In this article, the author describes the historical and ethnographic aspects of the village of Yam, Zaamin district, which is part of the Ustrushno state, one of the largest cultural oases in Central Asia, which has long developed economy, agriculture and animal husbandry, mining, primarily iron. The author also covers such issues as the ethnic composition and history, the etymology of the rural population based on documents from the funds of the Central State Archive of the Republic, field ethnographic research and scientific literature.