This deposit contains the version, copy-edited before the conference, of the paper presented at the 16th International Workshop of SPHERIC, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Research and Engineering International Community, held in Catania, Italy on 7-9 June 2022. This version differs by a few edits from the copy contained in the conference proceedings, which is also deposited as version 1.1 of this same record. The high-resolution figures are also distributed as individual files; their full list is tabulated below. 1. Research content This contribution can be relevant for the readers interested in any of the following topics: Designing experiments of dam-break flows that optimize their duration and size and provide complete validation data; Visualizing the dynamic and acoustic features of 2D turbulent flows resolvable with Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics; Resolving, from within the viscous sublayer, unsteady wall-bounded flows under an adverse pressure gradient; Using the spectrum of pressure probe measurements diagnostically, to track the occurence of (non-)spurious events in the fluid and to quantify the effect of density-diffusion treatments. The paper is immediately available for reading and downloading in the default preview below. The figures can be previewed and downloaded by selecting them in the Files block further below. All files are open-access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. This work should be cited as conveniently reported in the Citation box at the right of this web page. Moreover, Section 2 below contains retrospective notes on the composition of the paper, and Section 3 lists the versions of this deposit; the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6391457 always resolves to the latest version of the deposit and is the most convenient pointer to this work. List of figure files This list provides orientation in the visual content but does not provide access. Scroll down to the Files section for previewing and downloading. File Figure Description Last updated f00abcd-scale_vor.png 4 Colour scale vorticity v1.1 f00ad-scale_vel.png 2 Colour scale velocity. v1.1 f00be-scale_den.png 2 Colour scale density. v1.1 f00cf-scale_pid.png 1,2 Colour scale particle tag. v1.1 f01-domain_configuration.png 1 Full domain. Initial configuration. v1.1 f02a-plungingjet-1600_vel.png 2a Velocity at resolution 1600. Domain tail. Regular flow. v1.1 f02b-plungingjet-1600_den.png 2b Density at resolution 1600. Domain tail. Regular flow. v1.1 f02c-plungingjet-1600_pid.png 2c Particle tags at resolution 1600. Domain tail. Regular flow. v1.1 f02d-plungingjet-6400_vel.png 2d Velocity at resolution 6400. Domain tail. Regular flow. v1.1 f02e-plungingjet-6400_den.png 2e Density at resolution 6400. Domain tail. Regular flow. v1.1 f02f-plungingjet-6400_pid.png 2f Particle tags at resolution 6400. Domain tail. Regular flow. v1.1 f03a-separation-3200_vel.png 3a Velocity at resolution 3200. Corner view. Regular flow. v1.1 f03b-separation-3200_den.png 3b Density at resolution 3200. Corner view. Regular flow. v1.1 f03c-separation-3200_pid.png 3c Particle tags at resolution 3200. Corner view. Regular flow. v1.1 f03d-separation-6400_vel.png 3d Velocity at resolution 6400. Corner view. Regular flow. v1.1 f03e-separation-6400_den.png 3e Density at resolution 6400. Corner view. Regular flow. v1.1 f03f-separation-6400_pid.png 3f Particle tags at resolution 6400. Corner view. Regular flow. v1.1 f04a-sloshing-0800_vor.png 4a Vorticity at resolution 800. Full domain. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f04b-sloshing-1600_vor.png 4b Vorticity at resolution 1600. Full domain. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f04c-sloshing-3200_vor.png 4c Vorticity at resolution 3200. Full domain. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f04d-sloshing-6400_vor.png 4d Vorticity at resolution 6400. Full domain. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f05a-chaoticstage-3200_vel.png 5a Velocity at resolution 3200. Corner view. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f05b-chaoticstage-3200_den.png 5b Density at resolution 3200. Corner view. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f05c-chaoticstage-3200_pid.png 5c Particle tags at resolution 3200. Corner view. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f05d-chaoticstage-6400_vel.png 5d Velocity at resolution 6400. Corner view. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f05e-chaoticstage-6400_den.png 5e Density at resolution 6400. Corner view. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f05f-chaoticstage-6400_pid.png 5f Particle tags at resolution 6400. Corner view. Chaotic flow. v1.1 f06-pressuresignals.pdf 6 Pressure signal measured at a numerical probe. All resolutions. v1.1 f07-pressurespectra.png 7 Discrete spectra of the the pressure signal. All resolutions. v1.1 2. Document design: how this article is born 2.1 Content assemblage After having had one-page summaries reviewed and ranked by anonymous peers, the organisers asked the speakers to submit a paper of maximum 8 pages, providing a two-column template for IEEE Conference Proceedings. The paper in this record has been created typesetting a LaTeX source code. Not unusually for conferences, the deadlines catalysed advancement with respect to the proposed summary. A few findings worth of emphasis were identified while drafting the manuscript. Likewise, composing the text stimulated fresh interpretations, which required additional triaging before being promoted to highlights/insights worth proposing. Therefore, in order to accommodate for rapid cycles of hypothesis (re)formulation, analysis, (re-)evaluation and incorporation, the first draft was arranged into the canonical sectioning for journal articles in science and technology: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusions. These sections provided convenient bins where candidate content of varying persistence was routed into, based on its anticipated valence. This first round of composition resulted into a 12-page first draft. 2.2 Shortening The manuscript has then been shrunk to 8 pages by interleaving several passes of a three-pronged strategy, aiming at coherence and clarity (in the content) and at a compact management of the page space (in the container). At the level of sections and paragraphs, coherence was enhanced upon grouping consistent information into single paragraphs and signalling the internal logic with transition words. These passes also invited reshuffling the canonical sectioning, for example upon splitting the content of the Discussion into subsections for the Results. While a new structure developed organically, the section titles were renamed altogether to guide the reader directly into restricted topics, as shown in the final table of contents. All these operations made the article immediately more succinct and reduced the space taken without sacrificing the content. At the level of sentences, clarity was firstly enhanced by simply removing text, images and table parts, whether because of their apparent redundancy or in a kill-your-darlings mode. Making use of the LaTeX way of composing documents, the old text could merely be commented out in the source code, conveniently storing old ideas for later re-use. Secondly, tightening up phrases and expressions as well as using keywords from speciality fields in lieu of paraphrases gave additional clarity and conciseness. Finally, unnecessary empty space was removed upon arranging smaller images into panels and sharing the original-size figures separately as supplementary material in this deposit; then, upon presenting the axis quantities in the figure captions rather than in their labels; and, finally, upon moving supplementary information from the text body to the footnotes. This required some passes of editing and typesetting in order to make sure that the built-in whitespace administration of LaTeX actually produced a visually compact document. 2.3 Release At the end of this work, the 8-page release candidate underwent a round of final checks of the co-authors', in case linguistic editing had introduced uncertain or unclear statements. This resulted into version 1.1, as published in both the proceedings and Zotero. Residual fixes and improvements --- identified with a fresh pair of eyes after several days of detachment from the document --- eventually led to version 1.2. Both versions, each with its own DOI, were uploaded ahead of the conference and embargoed until its start date. Conveniently, Zenodo also generates a special DOI that always points to the latest version of the record. The DOI of this record was reserved upon creating an unpublished Zenodo entry while drafting the manuscript. That DOI is mentioned in the Acknowledgements of the paper to inform the viewers of the possibility to download the paper and its figures after the conference. The record's publication date is the start date of the conference. As is often the case for publications written under the pressure of deadlines, the language could have been improved further also within the 8-page limit. Admittedly, reading some sentences still requires a conscious parsing effort, even to the authors, and slows down the flow. However, in every production, a moment comes to let go of the job with warts and all, and save the lessons learned for the next effort. We hope this study will be of some value for some readers all the same. 3. This deposit The latest version of this record can be retrieved from the DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6391457. v1.2 Document copy-edited before the conference DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6609623 v1.1 Document published in the conference proceedings DOI:10.5281/zenodo.6391458 Description authored by Giordano Lipari

SPH has widened the scope of simulations of dam-break flows beyond the primary focus on impact loads. The flow complexity – involving boundary layers, air phase, surface tension, bubble and droplet formation, nonstationary, inhomogeneous and anisotropic turbulence – still imposes a piecemeal modelling approach to both two- and three-dimensional studies. Here, two-dimensional simulations provide fresh insights into the capability of SPH to reproduce vortical and acoustic features after increasing the sole spatial resolution. A dam-break flow on a dry floor and impacting a verticalwall has been resolved up to Re eff = 256,000. The array of spatial resolutions d/∆x = 800, 1600, 3200, 6400 shows the emergence by nonlinearity of progressively smaller flow scales. Fluid particles can populate the viscous sublayer and resolve boundary layer separations. Also, in the stages of chaotic motion, the intricate soundscape of acoustic waves and pulses supported by the weakly compressible fluid is resolved cleanly. The frequency bands in the pattern-bearing spectra of pressure signals help diagnose both causal and spurious flow events occurred during a simulation. The efficacy of density diffusion and viscosity in abating disturbances below the scale of the kernel diameter is apparent. Experiments are needed to address all flow stages and validate highly resolved 2D and 3D simulations of dam breaks. The available measurements do not cover the agitated stages, while only pressure loads regard the impingement stages. The configuration of new apparatuses could be optimized for a high return of relevant detail from the compute elements (SPH particles), so that simulations can produce densely informative datasets.

Abstract I. A Benchmark for Sudden Water Arrivals II. Simulation Workflow III. Selected Simulation Results A. Flow Fields Boundary layer separations Approaching the viscous sublayer Chaotic motion Notes on direct turbulence modelling B. Pressure Measurements at the Wall Signals in the time domain Spectra in the frequency domain Notes on pressure spectra as a diagnostic tool for simulations IV. Forward-Looking Remarks Acknowledgements References