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RESUMEN: El objetivo de la presente comunicación es el de contribuir a la discusión acerca de la existencia de leyes en biología. Para ello se reconstruye en primer término la argumentación de J.J.C. Smart en contra de su existencia y la discusión que de ella hacen M. Ruse y R. Munson. El examen de esta controversia pone de manifiesto que, a pesar de las diferencias existentes entre el primero de estos autores y los dos restantes en relación con el problema de las leyes en biologia, los tres comparten el supuesto según el cual en caso de haber leyes (en sentido estricto o fundamentales) en la genética, éstas deberían ser alguna de las llamadas “leyes de Mendel”. En la presente comunicación, y a partir de una revisión del concepto metacientífico de ley fundamental, el anterior supuesto es cuestionado, proponiéndose un análisis alternativo, basado en una reconstrucción estructuralista de la teoría genética. Palabras clave: Ley Científica; Ley Fundamental; Física; Biología; Genética; Smart: Ruse; Munson; Leyes de Mendel; Reconstrucción Racional; Estructuralismo; Axioma de Coincidencia. ON THE LAWS IN BIOLOGY Abstract: The aim of the present communication is to contribute to the discussion about the existence of laws in biology. In order of it the argumentation of J.J.C. Smart against their existence and the discussion of it made by M. Ruse and R. Munson are first reconstructed. The examination of this controversy shows that, despite of the differences between the first of the authors mentioned and the other two in relation to the problem of laws in biology, the three share the assumption according to which in the case that there are laws (in strict sense or fundamental) in genetics, they must be some of the so-called “Mendel"s laws”. In the present communication, and from a revision of the metascientific concept of fundamental law, the above assumption is questioned, proposing an alternative analysis, based on a structuralist reconstruction of genetics. Keywords: Scientific Law; Fundamental Law; Physics; Biology; Genetics; Smart; Ruse; Munson; Mendel's Laws; Rational Reconstruction; Structuralism; Axiom of Coincidence.
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