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Morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedad de la membrana hialina en el Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto", Guantánamo 2016-2018

Authors: Armas López, Marisel; Santana Díaz, Mayte; Elías Armas, Karla Sucet; Baglán Bobadilla, Norma; de Ville Chi, Karina;

Morbilidad y mortalidad por enfermedad de la membrana hialina en el Hospital General Docente "Dr. Agostinho Neto", Guantánamo 2016-2018

Abstract

Introducción: la enfermedad de la membrana hialina es un problema de salud en la etapa neonatal. Objetivo: caracterizar a los recién nacidos ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto” por enfermedad de la membrana hialina durante los años 2016-2018. Método: se hizo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal de 163 recién nacidos que ingresaron en la unidad. Resultados: el 16,4 % de los neonatos ingresados en dicha unidad tenía esta enfermedad y la letalidad fue de 11,0 %. La mayor proporción de éstos eran varones (55,8 %), tenían entre 31,0 y 33,6 semanas de edad gestacional al nacer (28,2 %), pesaron entre 1500,9 y 1999,9 g (27,0 %), tuvieron un Apgar a los 5 minutos de nacidos entre 8 y 10 puntos (58,9 %) y estuvieron en la unidad de 7 a 14 días (40,4 %). El 93,3 % se trató con fármacos inductores de maduración pulmonar y 100,0 % con surfactante y ventilación mecánica convencional (100,0 %). El 84,7 % presentó complicaciones y el 55,6 % falleció por hemorragia intracraneal (55,6 %). Fue común que las madres tuvieran edad entre 19 y 35 años (76,6 %), fueran cesareadas (65,0 %) y presentaron complicaciones relacionadas con el embarazo (82,2 %). Conclusión: la letalidad fue superior en la medida que disminuye la edad gestacional y el peso al nacer, en los que no fueron tratados con fármacos inductores de maduración pulmonar y que presentaron meningoencefalitis.

Keywords

recién nacido; morbilidad neonatal; enfermedad de la membrana hialina, R, Medicine, reciénnacido;morbilidad neonatal; enfermedad de la membrana hialina

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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