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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
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Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling of a Nighttime Urban Heat Island in Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Areas

Authors: Happy Faraja Camilius; Dorothea Deus; Zakaria Ngereja;

Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling of a Nighttime Urban Heat Island in Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Areas

Abstract

Urban Heat Islands (UHI) is the urban microclimate with higher air temperature than surrounding areas. It is caused by both man-made and natural factors which vary geographically based on weather periods. To have a sustainable future in the environment, there is a need to regulate influence levels of various causative factors that generate UHI. Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model is among the spatial regression models that define the non-stationarity of variables. It generates a new equation on each sampled data unlikely global models like Ordinary Least Square (OLS). The study used GWR model to determine the influencing levels of three independent factors named Indexed-based Built-up Index (IBI), albedo and wind speed. Datasets were retrieved from MODIS satellite during the dry period of July from 2000 to 2019. IBI and Albedo were observed to have a strong negative influence with the maximum value of -0.045 and -0.053 respectively although, we expected to observe a positive influence on IBI since buildings emit absorbed energy during the night. Wind speed has a positive influence with the maximum value of 0.028 leading to the shift of heatwaves hence being termed as the secondary driving factor while IBI and Albedo as the primary driving factors. Wind speed is the highest driving factor that shifts emitted energies to other areas. We encourage an innovation in technology that produce higher albedo construction materials. We should improve environmental policies by introducing green cities through horizontal and vertical forests which might decrease the emitted energy into the atmosphere.

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Keywords

Albedo, Urban Thermal Field Variance Index, Geographically Weighted Regression Model, Urban Heat Island, Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling, Wind Speed, Indexed-Based Built-Up Index

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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