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RESUMEN En este trabajo, se evaluó la extracción de quitina a partir de desechos de crustáceos involucrando la fermentación láctica generando ácido láctico para la desproteinización y desmineralización del material, usando suero de leche y azúcar como sustrato y fuente de carbono, por un periodo de 2 y 3 semanas a temperatura ambiente. Los resultados mostraron que la concentración óptima de azúcar para la extracción de quitina de un 10% m/v, evidenciando un descenso del pH y consecuente aumento de la acidez total titulable. Al incrementar el tiempo de fermentación de 2 a 3 semanas, los procesos de desmineralización y desproteinización mejoraron dando como resultado un porcentaje de ceniza de 2,68% el cual indica una buena remoción de minerales presentes en los desechos de crustáceos. Además, el porcentaje de remoción resultó de un 96,62% para el magnesio (Mg2+), 95,62% de potasio (K+) y 92,82% de calcio (Ca2+). El espectro de FTIR mostró las bandas de los grupos funcionales característicos de la quitina. Palabras clave: Desechos de crustáceos, quitina, azúcar, suero de leche, fermentación. ABSTRACT In this work, the extraction of chitin from crustacean waste involving lactic acid fermentation was studied, this generating lactic acid as product of deproteinization and demineralization of the material. Milk serum and sugar as substrate and carbon source were used, for a period of 2 y 3 weeks at room temperature. The results showed that the optimal sugar concentration for chitin extraction was 10% m/v, evidencing a decrease in pH and a consequent increase in titratable total acidity, by increasing the fermentation time of 2 to 3 weeks. The results were better with a percentage of ash of 2.68%, indicating a good removal of minerals present in crustacean wastes. In addition, the percentage of removal resulted in a 96.62%, the rate of removal for magnesium (Mg2+), 95.62% potassium (K+) and 92.82% of calcium (Ca2+). The FTIR spectrum revealed the bands from the functional groups that characterize chitin. Key words: Crustacean wastes, Chitin, Sugar, Buttermilk, fermentation.
suero de leche, Science (General), Science, Q, Chitin, Desechos de crustáceos, Q1-390, fermentación, quitina, Crustacean wastes, azúcar, Sugar, Buttermilk, fermentation
suero de leche, Science (General), Science, Q, Chitin, Desechos de crustáceos, Q1-390, fermentación, quitina, Crustacean wastes, azúcar, Sugar, Buttermilk, fermentation
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