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Algunos aportes en la extracción de vanadio, níquel y azufre en petrocoque

Authors: Sánchez Castillo, Ligbel; Campos García, Gusdanis Alberto; Cáceres, Ana Beatriz;

Algunos aportes en la extracción de vanadio, níquel y azufre en petrocoque

Abstract

Se presentan algunas contribuciones procedimentales para la extracción de vanadio (V), níquel (Ni) y azufre (S) en petrocoque. Las muestras se sometieron a varios procesos de extracción inducidos por agitación mecánica a 50°C, radiación UV y microondas, empleando como agentes extractantes: HCl:HNO3 (1:1) al 10 y 20%, H2O2 al 30%, HCl al 10%, NH4OH al 10 y 20% y H2O desionizada. La caracterización de las muestras y la cuantificación de los elementos estudiados, se realizó por análisis elemental, análisis térmico, cromatografía iónica, espectrometría de emisión atómica con plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-AES) y fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF). Se encontró la mayor eficiencia, induciendo la extracción con radiación microondas, obteniendo 41% para S con una solución al 20% de HCl:HNO3 (1:1) y para V de 20% con H2O2. La agitación mecánica a 50°C resultó eficiente para la extracción de Ni (2,5%) con HCl:HNO3 (1:1) al 10%. De igual manera, resultó una excelente alternativa para la extracción de S, alcanzando valores hasta de 26%. De forma similar, los procedimientos inducidos con radiación UV, también resultaron eficientes en la extracción de S, obteniendo entre 26 y 37% con las soluciones de ácidos al 20%, NH4OH al 10% y H2O2. Por otra parte, empleando la extracción Soxhlet solo con H2O desionizada, se demostró que es posible extraer hasta un 6% de V, Ni y S presentes en el petrocoque, lo que sugiere que estos elementos se encuentren disponibles en el ecosistema circundante a los depósitos de coque en las refinerías Palabras clave: Petrocoque, extracción de V, Ni y S, contaminación ambiental. Abstract: Some procedural contributions for the extraction of vanadium (V), nickel (Ni) and sulfur (S) are presented in petcoke. The samples were subjected to various extraction processes induced by mechanical stirring at 50°C, UV and microwave radiation, using as extractants agents: 10 and 20% HCl:HNO3 (1:1), 30% H2O2, 10% HCl, 10 and 20% NH4OH and deionized H2O. The characterization of the samples and quantification of the studied elements was carried out by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, ion chromatography, atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma (ICP-AES) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). It found greater efficiency, inducing extraction under microwave irradiation, obtaining S extractions of 41% with a 20% solution of HCl:HNO3 (1:1) and 20% of V with H2O2. The mechanical stirring at 50°C was efficient for the extraction of Ni (2.5%) with 10% HCl:HNO3 (1:1). Similarly, it proved an excellent alternative for extraction of S, reaching percentages up to 26%. The UV radiation induced methods also were effective in removing S, getting between 26 and 37% with 20% of acid solutions, 10% NH4OH and H2O2. On the other hand, using the Soxhlet extraction alone with deionized H2O, it was shown that it is possible to extract up to 6% of V, Ni and S present in the petcoke, suggesting that these elements are available in the surrounding ecosystem coke deposits in refineries. Key words: Petcoke, extraction of V, Ni and S, environmental pollution.

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Keywords

extracción de V, Ni y S,, Q1-390, Science (General), Petcoke, contaminación ambiental, Science, Q, extraction of V, Ni and S, environmental pollution, Petrocoque

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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