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Factores pronósticos de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST tipo I

Authors: Enamorado Anaya, Antonio Rafael; Yero García, Riduán Olemnis; Manzanares, Alina Ruiz; García Cañete, Isolda María; Goro, Gaoussou;

Factores pronósticos de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST tipo I

Abstract

Introducción: la cardiopatía isquémica, a pesar de que la mortalidad ha disminuido en casi todas las regiones del mundo, continúa siendo un problema de salud. Objetivo: identificar los factores pronósticos de mortalidad intrahospitalaria en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST. Método: se realizó un estudio analítico, de casos y controles, de 347 pacientes diagnosticados con infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST tipo I, desde enero de 2018 a diciembre de 2019 en el Hospital Clínico Quirúrgico Docente “Celia Sánchez Manduley”, de Manzanillo, Granma. El grupo de estudio lo integraron 46 fallecidos y por cada paciente de este grupo se escogieron, aleatoriamente, 2 egresados vivos, constituyendo los controles. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado para variables cualitativas y la de la t de Student para las cuantitativas. Para determinar los factores pronósticos de mortalidad se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: se determinó una media de edad de 73,7 años (DE ±8,0). Prevalecieron los antecedentes de tabaquismo, diabetes mellitus e hipertensión arterial. Resultaron factores de riesgos de mortalidad el antecedente de insuficiencia cardiaca (OR: 5,4 IC 95 % 1,226-23,97), presentarse con insuficiencia cardiaca mayor que I según Killip-Kimball (OR: 12,6 IC 95 % 3,245-49,30), valores de glucemia mayores de 10 mmol/L (OR: 4,7 IC 95 % 1,149-19,79) y de creatinfosfoquinasa MB mayores de 160 UI (OR: 17,7 IC 95 % 3,992-79,07). Conclusiones: existen variables epidemiológicas, clínicas y analíticas capaces de predecir mortalidad en pacientes con infarto agudo del miocardio.

Keywords

mortalidad; infarto agudo del mocardio; infarto agudo del miocardio con elevación del segmento ST

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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