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Enfoque de género en la rehabilitación cardiaca

Authors: Montero-VegaI, Varinia; Carbonell-RieraI, Rolando;

Enfoque de género en la rehabilitación cardiaca

Abstract

Introducción: la enfermedad cardiovascular en la mujer es subvalorada como problema de salud. Entre las opciones terapéuticas se encuentra la rehabilitación cardiaca que contribuye a la disminución de la morbimortalidad y la hospitalización en ambos géneros. Objetivo: evaluar el comportamiento inicial y los resultados de un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca en pacientes atendidos en el departamento de Rehabilitación Cardiaca del servicio de Cardiología del Hospital General Docente “Dr. Agostinho Neto”, de Guantánamo, durante el período 2015-2019. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y longitudinal. El universo lo constituyeron 667 pacientes incorporados al Programa de Rehabilitación Cardiaca. Se estudiaron los factores de riesgo, parámetros ergométricos dados por tiempo de ejercicio, frecuencia cardiaca, tensión arterial y la clase funcional. Se aplicó un programa de rehabilitación que incluyó ejercicios físico-aeróbicos y de resistencia, se realizaron evaluaciones mediante pruebas ergométricas, y lípidos séricos al inicio y a los 6 meses. Resultados: existe un perfil de riesgo diferente entre ambos géneros, la obesidad es el factor de riesgo más prevalente en el género femenino (62,9 %) y el tabaquismo activo en el masculino (78,0 %). El mejoramiento de la capacidad física fue mayor en hombres que en mujeres. Se exponen los parámetros utilizados para mejorar la participación y adherencia de las mujeres al programa. Conclusiones: las mujeres cuentan con grandes barreras para la incorporación a los programas de rehabilitación cardiaca. Es necesario ofrecerles información sobre sus beneficios para mejorar el acceso y la permanencia en el programa.

Keywords

rehabilitación cardiaca; enfermedad cardiovascular; género

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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